美国文学嘉莉妹妹的分析.doc

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1、中国地质大学江城学院课程设计（论文）从自然主义解读德莱赛的小说《嘉莉妹妹》姓名：吴芳玲专业：英日双语班级：413008070学号：4130080706摘要美国作家西奥多德莱塞被认为美国自然主义的杰出代表，本文以其第一部小说《嘉莉妹妹》为例分析德莱塞自然主义的一些特征。论文从德莱塞创作《嘉莉妹妹》的历史文化背景出发，研究德莱塞在《嘉莉妹妹》中表现出来的自然主义思想。论文涉及该小说的主要三大背景：一是达尔文主义和宿命论；二是美国然主义；三是19世纪末在美国兴起的消费主义。同时分析自然主义的三大特点：欲望,本能和环境,最后得出结论：《嘉莉妹妹》一文中主人公嘉莉妹妹的最终命运与德莱塞本人的

2、命运息息相关，赫思渥德的最终堕落也是德莱塞惧怕失败的结果。而德莱塞却把嘉莉妹妹和赫思特渥德最终得不到幸福归因于“人心”。关键词：自然主义达尔文主义欲望人性环境AbstractTheodoreDreiserisregardedasanoutstandingrepresentativeofAmericannaturalism.Inthisthesis,Dreiser’sfirstnovelSisterCarrieistakenasanexampletoanalyzethefeaturesofDreiser’snaturalism.Thethesisreferredtothreegrea

3、thistoricalandculturalbackgroundofthenovelwhichareDarwinism，Determinism.AmericanNaturalismandConsumerism.Meanwhilethethesisanalyzesthreefeaturesofnaturalism.Atlast,wecandrawtheconclusionthattheleadingcharacterofthenovel-Carrie’sdestinyhasagreatconnectionwithDreiserhimselfandthedeclineofHurstwo

4、odisaresultofDreiser’sfearoffailure,butDreiserattributesCarrieandHurstwood’sunhappinesstotheirinsatiabledesireforlifeortheyaredoomedtobeunhappyetc,andfromwhichwecanseeDreiser’snaturalismeasily.KeyWords：NaturalismDarwinismConsumerismdesireenvironmentCONTENTS1Introduction2Thehistoricalandcultura

5、lbackgroundforSisterCarrie2.1DarwinismandDeterminism2.2Americannaturalism2.3IndustrialRevolution3ThetypicalcharacteristicsofnaturalisminSisterCarrie3.1Thedesire,instinctandtheinfluenceofenvironments3.2.Theinfluenceoftheenvironment3.3Dreiser’sexploration4Conclusions1IntroductionTheodorDreiser(1

6、871-1945),anAmericanauthor,outstandingrepresentativeofnaturalism,whosenovelsdepictreal-lifesubjectsinaharshlight.Manyofhisworksreferredtothedescriptionofnaturalismandweakenedhiscriticalspirit.HisfirstnovelSisterCarriepublishedin1990revealedthefinancialdisparityandthemoraldeclineofAmericansocie

7、tyandthusregardedasforbiddenbook.Butnowthebookbecomesoneofthebest-sellersofAmericanliteraturebecauseofthenaturalisticfeaturesinit.ThenDreiserisregardedasapioneerofAmericannaturalismandasanaturalistDreiserexpressesthecharacteristicsofnat