土木工程材料 名词解释.doc

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1、1）truedensity密度themassofperunitsolidvolumeinProvidesconditions2）Bulkdensity毛体积密度ThemassofmaterialperunitBulkvolumeinProvidesconditions3）Porosity孔隙率theporevolumeofperunitTotalvolume4）Waterabsorption吸水性Theabsorptioncapacity(能力)ofSTONEINreachingmoisture（潮湿）conditions5）ratioofwaterabsorption吸水率theweigh

2、tofwaterabsorbedbydrystoneINROOMtemperatureandnormalatmosphericpressure6）Ratioofwatersaturated饱水率——theweightofwaterabsorbedbydrystoneinroomtemperatureandvacuum（真空）7）weatherresistance耐候性thecapacity（能力）toresisttheeffectofweather——石料抵抗大气等自然因素作用的性能称为耐候性。8）abrasiveness磨耗性——isthemechanicalwearingandscrap

3、ingofrocksurfacebyfrictionorimpactorboth.9)aggregates集料4.2.1Aggregateclassification集料的分类Aggregate:isarocklikematerialofvarioussizesshapes,usedinthemanufacture…….Forconcrete,asphaltconcrete,basecourse,railroadballast.Suchas:gravel,sand,crushrock,IndustrialSlag（炉渣）集料包括岩石天然风化而成的砾石（卵石）和砂等、岩石经机械和人工轧制的各种

4、尺寸的碎石，以及工业冶金矿渣。Aggregatessources:Naturalornaturalaggregate:comefrompitsorriverdeposits.GravelorrivergravelconsistofmaterialswithroundandsmoothedgesManufacturedmineralaggregates:Producedfromcrushingandprocessingofquarriedstone.Processing:crushing,washingandsizing.Crushstoneareangularinshapeandhavero

5、ughsurfacetexture.Mineralaggregatesaregranite,sandstone,limestone,anddolomite.Thecompressivestrengthwhichrangesbetween90-235MPa.10)①Apparentdensity（简称视密度）【表观密度】———themassofaunitapparentvolumeinProvidesconditions③Bulkdensity毛体积密度ThemassofaunitBulkvolumeintheProvidesconditions.③loosedensity堆积密度————Th

6、emassofaunitloosevolumeinProvidesconditions4Theairvoidspercent空隙率————thevoidofthepercentageofthetotalvolume2）Gradation级配★Referstotheproportions（比例）ofaggregateParticles（粒）distributed（分布）inspecialparticle-sizerages.Sievetestandsieveanalysis:级配的三参数：①percentageretained分计筛余百分率②cumulativepercentageretain

7、ed累计筛余百分率③percentagepassing通过百分率11）Particleshapeandsurfacetexture①Contentofflakeandelongated针、片状颗粒含量★cement——akindofgelatinousmaterialssettingandHardeninginwaterorair.vUniversalCement通用水泥vSpecialpurposeceme