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1、一.人称代词的形式:人称代词有人称,数和格的变化我我们你/你们他她它他们/她们/它们主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem二.表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词;形式:物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种我的我们的你的/你们的他的她的它的他们的/她们的/它们的形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishers---theirs三.反身代词的形式:myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,
2、himself,herself,itself,themselves用法:1.作宾语:a.HetaughthimselfEnglish.b.Heisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.2.在句中作名词或代词的同位语,以加强名词或代词的语气,一般表示“亲自”“本人”a.Imyselfdidthework.b.YouhadbetteraskTomhimself.四.指示代词的形式:this,that,these,those,it,such,same用法:1.this/these常指时间,空间或心理上较近的人或物,th
3、at/those常指时间,空间或心理上较远的人或物2.this/these常指后面要提到的事物,有启下的作用;而that/those常指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用a.WhatIwanttotellyouisthis:ThemeetingisputoffuntilFriday.b.Hehadabadcold.Thatiswhyhedidn’tattendthemeeting.3.that/those还可用来代替上文出现过的名词.作此用法时,它们的用法及与one/ones的对比见下表代替什么词替换成...one[C]单数某名词on
4、es[C]复数某名词that[C]单数或[U]the+某名词those[C]复数the+某名词a.TheweatherinBeijingisnotsohotasthat(=theweather)inShanghai.b.ThepopulationofChinaisaquarterofthat(=thepopulation)oftheworld.c.Thestudentsinclassoneworkharderthanthose(=thestudents)inclasstwo.d.Thequestionisaneasyone.e.I
5、havelostmypen.Iamgoingtobuyone.fWhichpencilsdoyouwant?Theredonesg.Hehasanewcoatandseveraloldones.4.such的用法①.such代替或修饰可数与不可数名词都可a.Heissuchaman.b.Idon’tlikesuchwords.c.Suchisourplan.②..如果名词被many/much/little/few四个词修饰,则要用so而不用such,如:a.Hehasmadesomuchprogress.5.thesame的用法:
6、thesame=同样(的),可以作定语,表语,主语和宾语a.TheyleftforBeijingonthesameday.b.HewillgotoswimandI’lldothesame.c.Whetherhewillcomeornot,itisallthesametome.6.it的用法:①.it指前面己经提到的人或事物②.模糊it:it指时间,季节,气候,距离,情况等a.Itoftenrainsinsummeranditoftensnowsinwinterinthiscity.b.Itisfivekilometerfromho
7、metotheschool.③.it作形式主语:it作形式主语时,真正的主语可以是动词不定式,动名词或由that引导的主语从句.当句中的这些真正主语用词较多时,常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语移到后面a.Itisagoodhabittodomorningexercise.b.Itispitythatyoudidn’tseesuchagoodfilm.④.it作形式宾语:it作形式宾语时,真正的宾语可以是不定式,动名词或that引导的宾语从句.当宾语之后有宾补,而作宾语的不定式或宾语从句用词较多时,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾
8、语移到后面a.IfinditeasytolearnEnglishwellifintherightway.b.IconsideritwrongthatyoustandtooclosetoanEnglishman.c.Theywanttomakeitc