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1、song—composition.Fortheelementsbywhichtheyimitatearetwo(verbalexpressionandsong—composition),themannerinwhichtheyimitateisone(visualadornment),thethingstheyimitatearethree(plot,characters,thought),andthereisnothingmorebeyondthese. 2.WhatisPlotunderthepensofmodernnovelistsandstorytel
2、lers?Andhowtounderstand“Plot”inastory?(“”ppt:‘Thequeendied,nooneknewwhy,untilitwasdiscoveredthatitwasthroughgriefatthedeathoftheking.’…P.6Itsuspendsthetime-sequence,itmovesasfarawayfromthestoryasitslimitationswillallow.) Thestoryandthecharacteralonecannotmakeanovelye.Tomakeanovel,ap
3、lotisprerequisite.AlookattheexamplesuggestedbyE.M.Forsterwillhelptodistinguishbetweenthestoryandtheplot.“Thekingdiedandthenthequeendied”isnotaplot,butastory.Ifwemakeit“Thekingdiedandthenthequeendiedofgrief,’wehaveaplot.Thiscausalphrase“ofgrief”indicatesourinterpretationandthusarrang
4、ementofthehappenings. Intheworldofrealityeventstakeplaceoneafteranotherinthenaturaltemporalorder,butintheworldoffictionitisthenovelist’sdesignthatoneparticulareventoccurafteranotherparticularevent.Theveryword“plot”impliesthenovelist’srebellionagainstthenaturallawandhisendeavortomake
5、meaningsoutofthehappeningsthatmayotherwisebemeaningless.“Thehappenings”mayormaynotberealhappenings.(Sowhatplotis--)Aplotisaparticulararrangementofhappeningsinanovelthatisaimedatrevealingtheircausalrelationshipsoratconveyingthenovelist’sideas.Aplotissometimescalledastoryline.Themosti
6、mportantofthetraditionalplotisthatitshouldbeacompleteorunifiedaction,thatis,somethingwithabeginning,amiddle,andanend. 3.Thedramaticsituationinastory. 4.Thethreepartsofaplot:abeginning(exposition),amiddle(suspenseoraseriesofsuspense….foreshadowing…crisis–amomentofhightension),andanen
7、d(aclimax,themomentofgreatesttension…theconclusion—fallingaction,resolutionordenouement). Plot abeginningamiddleanend expositionsomeothereventsclimax(themoment (suspense,aseriesofsuspense,ofgreatesttension, foreshadowing,crisis)theconclusion-falling action,resolutionordenouement)
8、 II.Readthestorieso
