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1、Module4SandstormsinAsiaGrammar1.LearntheuseofInfinitive.2.Learnsomeimportantwordsandphrases.LearningaimsFindoutthesentencesfromthetextthatcontaintheinfinitive：1.Scientistshavetriedmanywaystosolvethisproblem.2.Thewindissometimesstrongenoughtomovesanddunes.3.Tohavebeencaughtinasandstormwasaterrible
2、experience.Leading-in4.Therewasnothingtobedone.5.SandstormsinChinaappeartohaveincreasedinrecentyearsasaresultof“desertification”.6.Tobecyclinginasandstormisfrightening.7.Topreventitcomingnearer,thegovernmentisplantingtrees.动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.Herefusedtohelpuslastnight.Allyouhavetod
3、oistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottodrinkcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾语补足语一、不定式的句法功能1.作主语:往往放在谓语动词之后,用it作形式主语。Toseeistobelieve.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.如今掌握一门外语真的很重要。__________________________isreallyimportantnowadays.放弃吸烟是对的。_______
4、___________isright.Grammar不定式的用法TomasteraforeignlanguageTogiveupsmoking2.作宾语:作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。Hewantedtogo.IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecided________________.他答应不告诉任何人这事。Hepromisednot____________________.tolookforajobtote
5、llanyoneaboutit3.作宾语补足语：在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后作宾语补足语时,不定式不带to。Heletmedotheworkwithhim.他让我和他一起做工作。她叫我待在这儿。Sheaskedme___________.请允许我介绍怀特先生给你们。Pleaseallowme__________________________.tostayheretointroduceMr.Whitetoyou有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listent
6、o（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）help(半帮助)。Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.【知识拓展】不定式作宾语补足语省略to的情况有下列口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带上to。Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.4.作定语：当作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不
7、定式动作发生的地点、工具等时,不定式后面必须有相应的介词。Wefoundtheriverdangeroustoswimin.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可以用被动语态。但含义有所不同。试比较：I’mgoingtothemarket.Ihavesomethingtobuy.我要去集市买一些东西。I’mgoingtothema
