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1、MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishJuniorThreeComplexSentencesTheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:初中英语教材中涉及到的复合句主要有:TheObjectClause(宾语从句)、TheAdverbialClause(状语从句)和TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)。其它诸如主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等形式的复合句尽管在教材中也有出现,但在中考中没有被列为重点考查范围。Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。宾语从句一般
2、由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成,其语序是陈述句语序。A)Introducedbythat主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时,或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表语的系表结构时,后面常接that引导的宾语从句。e.g.Hesaysthathewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.Note:1.that的省略:that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实,that本
3、身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.2.宾语从句的否定转移:主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时,从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。如:我认为鸡不会游泳。误:Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正:Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.此外,上述情况在变成反意疑问句时,附加疑问句要看从句,如果主句的主语不是第一人称,则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较:It
4、hinkheiswrong,isn’the?Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?BackB)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词,意为“是否”,在一般情况下可以互换。if多用于口语和非正式文体中,whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如:e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.BackNote:只用whether的四种情况:1.在介词后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshou
5、ldgofishing.2.直接与ornot连用时Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.3.在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.BackC)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs(连接代词和连接副词)一、构成:1.1.宾语从句可由连接代词what,who,whom,which等引导,它们在宾语从句中可作
6、主语、宾语、表语和定语等,因此不能省略。Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?(作主语)Didyouhearwhathesaid?(作宾语)Idon’tknowwhosethatis.(作表语)Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?(作gate的定语)2.宾语从句可由连接副词when,where,how,why等引导,它们在宾语从句中作状语,不可省略。Wedidn’tknowwhenshewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Nooneknowswhyshei
7、slateagain.二、难点:1.避免重复出现连接代词或连接副词;e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.(应去掉that)2.从句中的语序为陈述语序;e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?(应改为:…howoldsheis)3.从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应。e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(应改为:…whenshewoul