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时间:2020-03-27
《REVIEW OF ELHANAN HELPMAN'S BOOK THE MYSTERY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH 评埃尔赫南·赫尔普曼地《神秘》 经济增长.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、IsraelEconomicReviewVol.5No.2(2007),129–139REVIEWOFELHANANHELPMAN'SBOOK:"THEMYSTERYOFECONOMICGROWTH"*ASSAFRAZINThisbook,"TheMysteryofEconomicGrowth,"whichwasrecentlypublishedinHebrew,providesanexcellentnon-technicaldescriptionofthedevelopmentsofgrowtheconomicsoverthelasthalfcentury.Thestoryoftheide
2、asandresearchofthetheoryandempiricsofeconomicgrowthisorganizedaroundfourthemes.First,theimportanceoftheaccumulationofphysicalandhumancapitalfortheexplanationofincomelevelsandgrowthratesacrosscountries.Second,theimportanceofknowledgecreationandtotalfactorproductivityforeconomicgrowth.Thediscussionev
3、olvesaroundtheimpactofresearchanddevelopment,learning-by-doing,externaleffects(externalities)andincreasingreturns.Tounderstandthedeterminantsofknowledgeaccumulationoneneedstoinvestigatealsotheincentivesforknowledgecreationanddiffusion.Third,theimportanceofvariousglobalizationtrendsanddevelopmentsan
4、dtheinternationaltransmissionoftechnologicalinnovationandknowledgeforexpansionofnewtechniquesofproduction.Fourth,theroleplayedbyeconomicinstitutionsoneconomicgrowth,andthegrowtheffectsofeconomicpolicythattheseinstitutionshelpimplement.Basedonalargebodyofempiricalresearch,theprincipalconclusionthate
5、mergesfromthebook"TheMysteryofEconomicGrowth"isthatlong-termeconomicgrowthstemslargelyfromeconomicinstitutionsthatfacilitatetechnologicalinnovationandadoptionofnewtechnologies.Thesolutiontothepuzzleofeconomicgrowth,accordingtoElhananHelpman,couldbefoundonlyifweunderstandtheroleplayedbytherelevantec
6、onomicandpoliticalinstitutions.Ibeginbydescribingthebook'schaptersindetail.1.EMPIRICALREGULARITIESThischapterprovidesadescriptionofkeyempiricalfactsandregularities,whichareabenchmarkthroughwhichwecanusefullyjudgethepowerofeconomicgrowththeory.Thechapterconvincinglydemonstratesthattherearehugediffer
7、encesinpercapitaincomeamongdifferentcountries.Thesedifferencesaremuchgreatertodaythanatanytimeinthepast.Therelativelysmallincomedifferencesbetweencountriesbeforetheearlynineteenthcenturybegantowidenduringth
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