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时间:2020-03-21
《被动语态教学课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、被动语态被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。例如:ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。例如:Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。Grammar主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象
2、。Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.改为被动语态1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时:S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词变为被动语态2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm.Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时:S+was/were+过去分词3.Theywi
3、llfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时:S+will/shall+be+过去分词S++am/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow.Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时:S+am/is/are+being+过去分词4.AmycantakegoodcareofGina.GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词:S+can/
4、may/must/should+be+过去分词Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight.Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时:S+was/were+being+过去分词Wehavemadetwentymorekeys.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时:S+have/has+been+过去分词各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时:一般过去时:情态动词:一般将来时:现在进行时:现在完成时:过去进行时:过去完成时:S+am/is/are+doneS
5、+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+donehadbeen+done由上表中我们可以看出,不管是何种时态的被动语态,be是不可不用的。give,lend,offer,ask等需要两个连带成分,一个指人,另一个指事物,如:Mothergavemeatieasmybirthdaypresent.被动态既可以用“人”作为述说对象,也可以以“物”作为述说对象:A:Iwasgiven
6、atiebymymotherasmybirthdaypresent.B:Atiewasgiven(to)measmybirthdaypresent.这样的句子多用“人”作为述说对象。几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday.2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday.Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意:若使役动词make,have,let等或感官动词宾语补足语是不带to的不定
7、式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加to。如:feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch主动语态如何改成被动语态?1.主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。2.主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。do3.注意保持时态和人称的一致。4.带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时,谓语动词后必须加适当的介词:to,for.如:givebegivento此类动词还有:passshowsend…再如:buybeboughtfor此类动词还有:makedrawcookmend…5.一些动
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