英语国家概况考试复习要点.doc

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1、英语国家概况复习要点PartOneUKTheCountry1.DifferentNamesforBritainanditsPartsName：EnglandBritainGreatBritain(GB/G.B.)BritishIslesBritishEmpireTheCommonwealthTheUnitedKingdom(TheUK)TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandParts：EnglandScotlandWalesNorthernIreland2.Officialname:theUnitedKingdomof

2、GreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Geographically,theBritishIslesincludesGreatBritain,thewholeofIreland,andalltheoffshoreislandsPolitically,theBritishIslesismadeupofU.K.andRepublicofIreland.3.thehighestmountaininBritain：BenNevis(本尼维斯山)thelargestmountainrangeinBritain：theGrampians（格兰扁山脉）4.thelon

3、gestriver：TheSevernRiver(塞文河)ThemostimportantriverinBritainandthesecondlongestriver:Thames（泰晤士河）5.thelargestlakeinBritain：LoughNeagh（内伊湖）(NorthernIreland)6.BackboneofEngland：thePennies（奔宁山脉）Thepeople7.ThefirstknownsettlersofBritainweretheIberians.人们所知的英国最早居民是伊比利来人。8.BasisofModernEnglishrace

4、?TheearlistpeopleknowninBritainwerenomads（游牧者）frommainlandEuropeintheOldStoneAge（旧石器时代）,followedbyNeolithic（新石器时代）Iberians（伊比利亚人)andtheBeakerFolk(比克人）intheBronzeAge（青铜器时代）9.thecontributionsmadebyAnglo-SaxonstotheEnglishstate?①.established'OldEnglish'②.laidthefoundationsoftheEnglishstate③.di

5、videdthecountryintoshires④.createdthe'Witan'toadvisetheKing(thebasisoftheCabinet)10.differentinvaders?Firstinvasion—In55BC,JuliusCaesarSecond—Caesar'ssecondraidin54BCThirdandfinal—In43AD,EmperorClaudius,finalandsuccessfulRomaninvasionofBritain(recorded)Left—In410,GermanicbarbarianattackRome

6、,forcingRomantroopstoleaveBritain,andthusendingitsoccupationoftheislandHistory9.Whoisknownas“thefatheroftheBritishnavy”?SirFrancisDrake10.TheNormanConquestanditsconsequencesTheNormanConquest(1066-1071)10Fuse:Edwardruledfor24yearsanddiedinJanuary,1066.Haroldwaschosentobeking.William,DukeofNo

7、rmandy,heardthenewsofHarold’scoronation,hegotveryangryandclaimedthathehadthesolerighttobekingofEnglandbecauseEdwardhadpromisedthecrowntohimandthatHaroldhadpromisedtohelphimbecomekingofEngland.DukeWilliamledarmyandlandedonthecoast.ThetwoarmiesmetatHasting