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ID:51008362
大小:1.80 MB
页数:24页
时间:2020-03-17
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1、毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别:电子信息系专业:通信工程班级:B100309姓名:张杨学号:B10030942外文出处:附件:1.原文;2.译文2014年03月AnIntroductiontotheARM7ArchitectureTrevorMartinCEng,MIEETechnicalDirectorThisarticlegivesanoverviewoftheARM7architectureandadescriptionofitsmajorfeaturesforadevelopernewtothedevice.Futurearti
2、cleswillexamineotheraspectsoftheARMarchitecture.BasicCharacteristicsTheprinciplefeatureoftheARM7microcontrolleristhatitisaregisterbasedload-and-storearchitecturewithanumberofoperatingmodes.WhiletheARM7isa32bitmicrocontroller,itisalsocapableofrunninga16-bitinstructionset,k
3、nownas"THUMB".Thishelpsitachieveagreatercodedensityandenhancedpowersaving.Whilealloftheregister-to-registerdataprocessinginstructionsaresingle-cycle,otherinstructionssuchasdatatransferinstructions,aremulti-cycle.Toincreasetheperformanceoftheseinstructions,theARM7hasathree
4、-stagepipeline.Duetotheinherentsimplicityofthedesignandlowgatecount,ARM7istheindustryleaderinlow-powerprocessingonawattsperMIPbasis.Finally,toassistthedeveloper,theARMcorehasabuilt-inJTAGdebugportandon-chip"embeddedICE"thatallowsprogramstobedownloadedandfullydebuggedin-sy
5、stem.InordertokeeptheARM7bothsimpleandcost-effective,thecodeanddataregionsareaccessedviaasingledatabus.ThuswhiletheARM7iscapableofsingle-cycleexecutionofalldataprocessinginstructions,datatransferinstructionsmaytakeseveralcyclessincetheywillrequireatleasttwoaccessesontothe
6、bus(onefortheinstructiononeforthedata).Inordertoimproveperformance,athreestagepipelineisusedthatallowsmultipleinstructionstobeprocessedsimultaneously.Thepipelinehasthreestages;FETCH,DECODEandEXECUTE.Thehardwareofeachstageisdesignedtobeindependentsouptothreeinstructionscan
7、beprocessedsimultaneously.Thepipelineismosteffectiveinspeedingupsequentialcode.Howeverabranchinstructionwillcausethepipelinetobeflushedmarringitsperformance.AsweshallseelatertheARM7designershadsomecleverideastosolvethisproblem.Fig1ARM3-StagepipelineARM7ProgrammingModelThe
8、programmer'smodeloftheARM7consistsof15userregisters,asshowninFig.3,withR15beingusedastheProgramC
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