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1、情态动词的虚拟用法can,may,could,might,should,oughtto,must,need等。1.情态动词+动词原形,表示对现在或将来情况的推测。例如:Idon'tknowwheresheis;shemaybeinWuhan.我不知道她在哪儿,可能在武汉。2.情态动词+动词现在进行时,表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。例如:Atthismoment,ourteachermustbecorrectingourexampapers.这时,想必我们老师正在批改试卷。3.情态动词+动词完成时,表示对过去
2、情况的推测。它又分以下几种:1)may(might)have+donesth,can(could)have+donesth.表示对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测,表示可能性程度由大到小依次为can,could,may,might。否定句may(might)nothave+donesth.,can(could)nothave+donesth.表示推测过去时间里不可能发生的事情。例如:Philipmay(might)/can(could)havebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可
3、能在车祸中受了重伤。Mikecan'thavefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克不可能找到他的车,因为他今天早上是乘公共汽车来上班的。2)musthave+donesth.,对过去时间里可能发生的事情的肯定推测,语气较强,具有"肯定","想必"的意思。例如:Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.路是湿的,昨晚一定下过雨。3)oughttohave+donesth.,shouldhavedonesth.表示本应该做某事,而
4、事实上并没有做。否定句oughtn'ttohavedonesth.,shouldn'thavedonesth.,表示本不该做某事但却做了。例如:Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。Heoughtnotto(shouldn't)havethrowntheoldclothesaway.他不该把旧衣服扔了。(事实上已经扔了。)4)needn'thave+donesth.表示本没有必要做某事,但却做了。例如:Idressed
5、verywarmlyforthetrip,butIneedn'thavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.这次旅行,我穿得衣服较多,其实没有必要。那时天很热。4.情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时,表示对过去一直在做的事情的推测。例如:Yourmothermusthavebeenlookingforyou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。2.非真实条件句1)时态:可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。a.同现在事实相反的假设。句型:条件从句主句一般过去时should/would/could/migh
6、t+动词原形Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型:条件从句主句过去完成时should/would/could/mighthave+过去分词Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful.IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.
7、Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.含义:Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress.含义:Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress.c.表示对将来的假想句型:条件从句主句一般过去时/wer
8、e+不定式/should+动词原形should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallri