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ID:50750047
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时间:2020-03-13
《高中英语(配人教版,必修1)同步课件 Unit 1 Period 3.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Period3GrammarⅠ.定义直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语如果改为间接引语,须在语序、人称、时态、状语、个别指示代词和动词等方面做相应的变化。直接引语变间接引语(一)Ⅱ.几个方面的变化1.句型变化(1)请观察下面句子:Hesaid,“Isawherlastnight.”→Hesaidthathehadseenherthenightbefore.归纳总结:如果直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时,应将直接引语改为用that引导的宾语从句,而且在不引起歧义时that可以省略。此时语序不变。(2
2、)请观察下列句子:Hesaid,“Areyouready?”→Heasked(us)ifwewereready.归纳总结:如果直接引语为一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,须用连接词whether或if引导,使其成为宾语从句。如果主句中的谓语动词为said,则将其改为asked。如果谓语动词后没有间接宾语,也可以加上一个间接宾语me,him,her,us或them等。(3)请观察下列句子:ShesaidtoTom,“Howareyoufeelingnow?”→SheaskedTomhowhewasfeelingthen.归纳总结:如果直接引语是特殊疑问句,仍用特殊疑问句中的疑
3、问词作为连接词引出间接引语中的宾语从句,但须将疑问语序改为陈述语序。2.时态的变化若主句谓语动词为现在时态,则从句的时态不需变化,若主句谓语动词为过去时态,则间接引语从句的时态变为相应的过去某种时态,一般为向前推一个时态。例句Shesaid,“Ineedacalculator.”→Shesaidthatsheneededacalculator.Jimsaid,“I'mexpectingalongdistancecall.”→Jimsaidthathewasexpectingalongdistancecall.例句Nancysaid,“I'llcallagainlate
4、r.”→Nancysaidthatshewouldcallagainlater.Hesaid,“Itookithomewithme.”→Hesaidthathehadtakenithomewithhim.Paulsaid,“Ourteamhaswonthematch.”→Paulsaidthattheirteamhadwonthematch.Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”→Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.但是直接引语属于下面的情况,变为间接引语时时态
5、不作改变。(1)主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态,从句的时态无需变化。a.Hesays,“I'mtired.”→Hesaysthatheistired.b.Hewillsay,“Tomwaslazy.”→HewilltellyouthatTomwaslazy.(2)当直接引语是客观真理时,不受时间限制,因此不需要变化时态。Ourgeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.(3)直接引语是一般过去时,并且和具
6、体的过去时间连用,时态不作改变。Shesaid,“Iwasbornin1978”.→Shesaidthatshewasbornin1978.(4)when,while,since等引导的时间状语从句变为间接引语时,只改变主句的时态,从句的时态不变。Hesaid,“Itismanyyearssincehecametolivehere.”→Hesaidthatitwasmanyyearssincehecametolivethere.(5)直接引语中含有某些情态动词时,间接引语可用原来形式,也可用其他情态动词表示,但要注意保持原来的意义。Hesaid,“Youmustbev
7、eryfondofart.”→HesaidthatImustbeveryfondofart.3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化指示代词:this→thatthese→those时间状语:now→thentoday→thatdaytonight→thatnightyesterday→thedaybeforelastweek/month→theweek/monthbeforethreedaysago→threedaysbeforetomorrow→thenextdaynextweek→thenextweek地点状语:here→there方
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