英语国家概况课后题.doc

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1、英语国家概况P171.Britainisnowamultiracialsocietywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1in20areofnon-Europeanethnicity.2.Britainisacountrywithahistoryofinvasions.In43ADBritainwasinvadedbytheRomanEmpireinthe11thcenturytheysufferedinvasionsfromNormans.3.Charlesthefirs

2、t,kingofBritain,wasexecuted,becauseheattemptedtooverthrowparliamentintheEnglishRevolution.4.NametwoScottishcitieswhichhaveancientandinternationallyrespecteduniversities:EdinburghandGlasgow.5.BoththeScottishandWelshpeopleelecttheirmembersofparliamentsto

3、theLondonParliamentandeachholds72and38seatsrespectively.P476.Thedoctrineofthe“divinerightofkings”heldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromGodnotfromhissubjects.7.Duringthecivilwarinthe17thcentury,thosewhorepresentedtheinterestsofParliamentaarecalledr

4、oundheads,andthosewhosupportedtheKingwerecalledloyalists.8.In1215,somefeudalbaronsandtheChurchforcedKingJohntosigntheMagnaCartatoplacesomelimitsontheKing’spower.1.Inmedicaltimes,kingswouldsummonagroupofwealthybaronsandrepresentativesofcountries,townsan

5、dcities—calledtheGreatCounciltoraisemoney.2.In1689,ParliamentpassedtheBillofRightstoensurethatthekingwouldneverbeabletoignoreParliament.3.InBritain,theofficialheadofstateistheQueenwhiletherealcentreofpoliticallifeisintheHouseofCommons.4.Strictlyspeakin

6、g,theParliamenttodayconsistoftheQueen,theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.5.LifepeersshouldbenominatedbyPrimeministerandappointedbythesovereign.P676.TheUKisdividedinto650constituencieswitheachofthemrepresentedbyamemberintheparliament.7.Thepartywhichwin

7、sthemajorityseatsinparliamentformsthegovernmentanditspartyleaderbecomesthePrimeMinister.8.Normally,agovernmentcanbeinpowerfor5years,andthenithasresignandholdageneralelection.9.NationalHealthServicewasestablishedbytheLabourgovernmentin1948,providingheal

8、thcareforallthepeople.10.OnedistinctivefeatureabouttheclasssysteminBritishisthatitstillretainsahereditaryaristocracy.P1171.TwofamouspublicschoolsmentionedinthetextareEtonandWinchester.2.ChildreninBritainmustreceiveafull-timeeducationleg