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1、十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习可数名词个体名词集体名词不可数名词普通名词物质名词1.名词抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词：主格宾格（注意it的用法）物主代词：形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词指示代词：this,that,these,those单数：myself`,yourself,himself,herself,itself,oneself反身代词：复数：ourselves,yourselves,themselves2.代词疑问代词：who,whom,whose,what,
2、which.简单不定代词：One/ones,Either/neither,both/all,each/everyanother,other,theother,others,theothers复合不定代词：somebody,anybody,nobody不定代词someone,anyone,noonesomething,anything,nothingeverybody,everyone,everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词：基数词序数词功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词：定冠词不定冠词零冠词//功
3、能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点：at/in/on/to,above/over/on,below/under/underneath….表时间：in/on/at,in/after,from/sincefrom,after/behind,5.介词：表运动：across/through/over/pass…表方位：….其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系6．形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质57.副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形
4、容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词：and/both/or/notonly…butalso,but/however/yet/still/while…8.连词：从属连词:if/unless,because/as/since,although/though…功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词（vi./vt.）系动词助动词9.动词：情态动词不定式（todo）非谓语动词分词:现在分词（-ing）和过去分词（-ed）动名词（-ing）功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10.感叹词：ohahwell…功能：表示说话时
5、的感情或口气51.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出下列句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2)Hehandedmethenewspaper.3)Ishallansweryourquestionsafterclass.4)WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5)Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.（2）判断下列句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)WeoftenstudyChinesehistory
6、onFridayafternoon.2)TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3)Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?4)MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorning.5)HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.句子成分的排序口诀：主在前，谓中间，宾语状语排后面。短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。间接宾语若在后，直、间要用to,for连。宾补谓语宾语后，地状常在时状前
7、。5三．课堂作业：句子成分划分及句子结构分析(一) 1：Amerehundredspecies(物种)arethebasisofourfoodsupply，ofwhichbuttwentycarrytheload.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseof，whichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandan
8、imalstoenlargefarmingareas.(2008全国卷一E篇) 2：Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors：astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedbyanother，whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother；andthisproc
