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1、动词动词的分类1.系动词2.实义动词（及物和不及物）3.助动词4.情态动词系动词：连系表语的词。系动词有词义，不能独立做谓语。Heiswrong.(系词+表语做谓语)一、系动词be（am,is,are,was,were）感官动词(look,smell,taste,sound,feel,seem)表示发展变化的词(turn,get,keep,become)系动词他是强壮的。Heisstrong.你必须保持健康。Youmustkeephealthy.树叶变绿了。Theleavesturngreen.莉莉似乎很生气。Lilyseemsveryangry.Exercise1.Autumnisc
2、oming,theleaves______yellow.2.Thegirl_______beautiful.3.Thefood_______delicious.4.Autumniscoming,it______colderandcolder.5.Thatsong________well.turnlookstastesgetssounds二、实义动词能独立做谓语的词，按句法作用分为及物和不及物动词。Ihither.Hecuthisfinger.Thesunrises.及物vt.不及物vi.及物vt.A-A-Ahurt-hurt-hurt（受伤、伤害）A-B-Bsay-said-saids
3、tand-stood-stoodspend-spent-spentthink-thought-thoughtbuy-bought-boughtbring-brought-broughtcatch-caught-caughtteach-taught-taughthold-held-heldlend-lent-lentsend-sent-sentleave-left-leftmeet-met-metsweep-swept-sweptsleep-slept-sleptkeep-kept-keptA-B-COrise-rose-risenwrite-wrote-writtenspeak-spo
4、ke-spokensteal-stole-stolenOride-rode-riddenOdrive-drove-driven√sing-sang-sungOtake-took-takenOgive-gave-givenfly-flew-flownOknow-knew-knownOthrow-threw-throwneat-ate-eatenforget-forgot-forgotten三、助动词Ilikeit.其中like是实意动词，如何变否定疑问.用do来帮助它，我们把do、does、did等称为助动词。Idon’tlikeit.Doyoulikeit?助动词，无词义，不能独立做谓
5、语，帮助构成时（态），语（态），否（定句）和疑（问句）。常见助动词有五个，be,do,have,shall,will.be构成被动与进行，do构成疑问和否定have构成现在完成时，shall,will表示将来时be(am/is/are/was/were)1.Iamwateringtheflowers.帮助构成（现在/过去）进行时。2.Tomwashitbyhisfatheryesterday.帮助构成被动语态。小测试：SheisLily.(is是助动词吗？)答案：NO.have/has/hadIhaveabook.其中have是助动词吗？答案：NO.have/had+V.过去分词现在完
6、成时/过去完成时其中have是助动词吗？答案：YES.will/shall用于一般将来时态。will用于所有人称，shall只用于第一人称。Shewillfinishherhomeworkintenminutes.ShallItakeanumbrella?四、情态动词ShecanspeakFrenchandIcan’t.什么叫情态动词？表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等情感或状态。情态动词的特征HecanspeakEnglishwell,butIcan’t.Wemuststayhere.情态动词有词义，不能单独做谓语，无人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。can/c
7、ould/beableto1.三个都表“能力”could是can的过去式。eg:Icouldn’tspeakEnglish.IcanspeakEnglishnow.将来能力使用shall/will/beableto.eg:IwillbeabletospeakFrench.2.can/could表“请求、允许”could比can更委婉。eg:CouldIborrowyourbook?3.can/could表“怀疑、推测”可能性can‘tbeeg:
