动物科学 医学 专业英语.doc

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1、专业英语复习资料一、缩写1.VFA：VolatileFattyAcids挥发性脂肪酸2.DM：DryMatter干物质3.CP：CrudeProtein粗蛋白4.CF：CrudeFiber粗纤维5.NDF：NeutralDetergentFiber屮性洗涤纤维6.EE：EtherExtract乙瞇提取物（粗脂肪）7.ADF：AcidDetergentFiber酸性洗涤纤维8.NEl：NetEnergyofLactation泌乳净能9.NPN：Non-ProteinNitrogen非蛋白氮10.VA：VitaminsA维生素A二、翻译1.Fo

2、rage：粗饲料2.Concentrate:精饲料3.Mineral:矿物质4.Glucose:葡萄糖5.Rumen:瘤胃6.Animalnutrition:动物营养7.Proteinmetabolism:蛋白质代谢8.Digestion:消化9.Smallintestine:小肠10.Diet:饲粮三、名词解释：1.Feeds:Feedscontainnutrientsthatareusedtomeettherequirementsofanimals.2.Lipids:Lipidsaresubstanceswhicharewaterins

3、oluble,butaresolubleinorganicsolvents.Lipidsareusuallyextractedfromoilseeds3.Drymatter:Whenafeedsampleisplacedinanovenmaintainedat105°Cfor24hours,thewaterevaporatesandtheresidualdryfeediscalleddrymatter.4.Genetics:Geneticsisasciencethatstudiesthevariationandtransmissionoff

4、eaturesortraitsfromonegenerationtothenex匸5.Genotype:Thegenotypeofananimalrepresentsthegeneorthesetofgenesresponsibleforaparticulartrait.6.Ketosis:isametabolicdisorderoccurringincowswithinsufficientorexcessbodyreserveatcalving一cowslosetheirappetites,andmilkproductionandfert

5、ilitydecrease.四、翻译题1、Dairycowsandotheranimalssuchassheep,goats,buffaloes,camelsandgiraffesareherbivoresbecausetheirdietsarecomposedprimarilyofplantmaterial.Manyherbivoresalsoareruminants.Ruminantanimalscanberecognizedeasilybecausetheychewfrequentlyevenwhentheyarenoteating.

6、Thischewingactivitycalledrumination,ispartoftheprocessesthatallowaruminanttoobtainenergyfromplantcellwallsalsocalledfiber.奶牛和其它动物如绵羊、山羊、水牛、骆驼和长颈鹿都属于草食动物。因为它们的口粮主要由植物材料组成。许多草食动物也是反刍动物。反刍动物很容易识别，因为即使它们不进食时也不断咀嚼。这一咀嚼活动被称为反刍，反刍是反刍动物从植物细胞壁小获得能量过程的一个步骤。2、Whenafeedsampleisplacedi

7、nanovenmaintainedat105°Cfor24hours,thewaterevaporatesandtheresidualdryfeediscalleddrymatter.Feedscontainvariableamountsofwater.Atimmaturestagesofgrowth,mostplantscontain70to80%water(i.e.,20to30%drymatter).However,seedsdonotcontainmorethan8to10%water(i.e.,90to92%drymatter).

8、Theamountofwaterinthefeedsisusuallyoflittleconcern.Milkingcowsdrinkfrom4to5kgofwaterforea