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1、HALLOWEENHalloween(alsospelledHalloween)isanannualholidayobservedonOctober31.IthasrootsintheCelticfestivalofSamhainandtheChristianholidayAllSaints'Day,butistodaylargelyasecularcelebration.Halloweenactivitiesincludetrick-or-treating,wearingcostumesanda
2、ttendingcostumeparties,carvingjack-o'-lanterns,ghosttours,bonfires,applebobbing,visitinghauntedattractions,pranks,tellingscarystories,andwatchinghorrorfilms.Letmeshowyousomepictures.PumpkinlanternsHistoryHistorianNicholasRogers,exploringtheoriginsofHa
3、lloween,notesthatwhile"somefolkloristshavedetecteditsoriginsintheRomanfeastofPomona,thegoddessoffruitsandseeds,orinthefestivalofthedeadcalledParentalia,itismoretypicallylinkedtotheCelticfestivalofSamhain,whoseoriginalspellingwasSamuin(pronouncedsow-an
4、orsow-in)".[ThenameisderivedfromOldIrishandmeansroughly"summer'send".AsimilarfestivalwasheldbytheancientBritonsandisknownasCalanGaeafThefestivalofSamhaincelebratestheendofthe"lighterhalf"oftheyearandbeginningofthe"darkerhalf",andissometimesregardedast
5、he"CelticNewYearTheancientCeltsbelievedthattheborderbetweenthisworldandtheOtherworldbecamethinonSamhain,allowingspirits(bothharmlessandharmful)topassthrough.Thefamily'sancestorswerehonouredandinvitedhomewhileharmfulspiritswerewardedoff.Itisbelievedtha
6、ttheneedtowardoffharmfulspiritsledtothewearingofcostumesandmasks.Theirpurposewastodisguiseoneselfasaharmfulspiritandthusavoidharm.InScotlandthespiritswereimpersonatedbyyoungmendressedinwhitewithmasked,veiledorblackenedfaces.Samhainwasalsoatimetotakest
7、ockoffoodsuppliesandslaughterlivestockforwinterstores.Bonfiresplayedalargepartinthefestivities.Allotherfiresweredousedandeachhomelittheirhearthfromthebonfire.Thebonesofslaughteredlivestockwerecastintoitsflames.[Sometimestwobonfireswouldbebuiltside-by-
8、side,andpeopleandtheirlivestockwouldwalkbetweenthemasacleansingritual.Anothercommonpracticewasdivination,whichofteninvolvedtheuseoffoodanddrink.Thename'Halloween'andmanyofitspresent-daytraditionsderivefromtheOldEnglishera.OriginofnameThewordHa
