2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists topic reading试题

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1、2019-2020年高中英语Unit1GreatScientiststopicreading试题霍乱是霍乱弧菌（Vibriocholera）引起的急性肠道传染病，具有发病急、传播快、波及面广的特点，是当今三种国际检疫传染病中的一种。Choleraisawater-bornediseasethatisspreadthroughpollutedwaterandfood.ItisanillnesscausedbythebacteriumcalledVibriocholera.Itproducesanenterotoxin(肠毒素)thatcausespainless,waterydiarrhea(

2、腹泻)thatcanquicklyleadtoseveredehydration(脱水)anddeathiftreatmentisnotgiven.Mostpeopleinfectedwithcholeradonotbeeill,althoughthebacteriumispresentintheirwastesfor7-14days.Whencholeradoeshappen,morethan90%ofcasesarenotsevereandaredifficulttotellfromothertypesofdiarrhea.Lessthan10%ofillpeopledevelopcho

3、lerawithsignsofmoderateorseveredehydration.Apersonmaygetcholerabydrinkingwateroreatingfoodpollutedwiththecholerabacterium.Thediseasecanspreadrapidlyinareaswithoutpropertreatmentofdrinkingwater.Thecholerabacteriummayalsoliveintheenvironmentindirtyriversandcoastalwaters.Shellfisheatenrawcanbeasourceo

4、fcholera.Thediseaseisnotlikelytospreaddirectlyfromonepersontoanother,therefore.Choleracanbesimplyandsuccessfullytreatedbyimmediatereplacementofthefluidandsaltlostthroughdiarrhea.Patientscanbetreatedbybeinggivenamixtureofsugarandsalttobemixedwithwateranddrunkinlargeamounts.Peoplewhodevelopseverediar

5、rheaincountrieswherecholerabreaksoutshouldseekmedicalattentionatonce.Inaword,toavoidcholera,weshoulddevelopagoodhabit.Weshouldeatwellcookedfoodinsteadofrawfood.True(T)orFalse(F):1.Drinkingmuchwaterwithsugarandsaltisuselessinthetreatmentofcholera.2.Inordertoavoidcholera,we’dbettereatcookedshellfish.

6、1.F2.T