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1、英文文献AirConditioningSystemsAirconditioninghasrapidlygrownoverthepast50years,fromaluxurytoastandardsystemincludedinmostresidentialandcommercialbuildings.In1970,36%ofresidencesintheU.S.wereeitherfullyairconditionedorutilizedaroomairconditionetforcooling(Blue,ctal.,1979).By1997,th
2、isnumberhadmorethandoubledto77%,andthatyearalsomarkedthefirsttimethatoverhalf(50.9%)ofresidencesintheU.S.hadcentralairconditioners(CensusBureau,1999).Anestimated83%ofallnewhomesconstructedin1998hadcentralairconditioners(CensusBureau,1999).Airconditioninghasalsogrownrapidlyinco
3、mmercialbuildings.From1970to1995,thepercentageofcommercialbuildingswithairconditioningincreasedfrom54to73%(JacksonandJohnson,1978,andDOE,1998).Airconditioninginbuildingsisusuallyaccomplishedwiththeuseofmechanicalorheat-activatedequipment.Inmostapplications，theairconditionetmus
4、tprovidebothcoolinganddchumidificationtomaintaincomfortinthebuilding.Airconditioningsystemsarealsousedinotherapplications,suchasautomobiles,trucks,aircraft,ships,andindustrialfacilities.However,thedescriptionofequipmentinthischapterislimitedtothosecommonlyusedincommercialandre
5、sidentialbuildings.Commercialbuildingsrangefromlargehigh-riseofficebuildingstothecornerconveniencestore.Becauseoftherangeinsizeandtypesofbui1dingsinthecommercialsector,thereisawidevarietyofequipmentappliedinthesebuildings.Forlargerbuildings,theairconditioningequipmentispartofa
6、totalsystemdesignthatincludesitemssuchasapipingsystem,airdistributionsystem,andcoolingtowcr.Properdesignofthosesystemsrequiresaqualifiedengineer.Theresidentialbuildingsectorisdominatedbysinglefamilyhomesandlow-riseapartments/condominiums.Thecoolingequipmentappliedinthesebuildi
7、ngscomesinstandardupackagesnthatareoftenbothsizedandinstal1edbytheairconditioningcontractor.Thechapterstartswithageneraldiscussionofthevaporcompressionrefrigerationcyclethenmovestorefrigerantsandtheirselection,followedbypackagedChilledWaterSystems。1.1VaporCompressionCycleEvent
8、houghthereisa1argerangeinsizesandvarietyofairconditioningsyst
