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1、组网的路由协议应尽可能的简单以节省开销,因此无线自组网路由协议算法的研究成为对无线自组网研究的热点之一。本文介绍了无线自组网的结构与应用以及军用无线自组网的特点与关键技术,重点研究了无线自组网的路由协议。主要对两类典型的无线自组网路由协议进行研究:表驱动路由协议与按需路由协议,重点深入分析了经典算法DSR(DynamicSourceRouting)路rh协议和AODV(AdHocOn-DemandVectorAlgorithm)路由协议的工作机制,包括路由发现、路由维护、协议分组的格式等内容的研究。本文通过比较
2、DSR路由协议与AODV路由协议,分析得岀各自的优势与不足,并针对军事通信的特点,对于AODV协议中的问题提出改进的方案。本文主要针对路由收敛、路由维护与备份路由设计了改进思想。在路由收敛方面,提出周期更新与触发更新兼容使用,避免了在网络中出现翻滚路由时,AODV路由协议需要耗费大量路由差错报文流量;在路由维护方面,分析了路由环路产生的原理,在AODV路由协议使用序列号方法的现有机制上,按照有线网络中的思想,提出针对小范围环路的与大范围环路的改进方法,水平分割技术和路由中毒技术,减少了网络开销;在备份路由方面,
3、提出节点维护同样新鲜度的两条路由,并根据跳数的大小来分辨指定路由与备份路由。通过备份路由的使用,可以大大减少链路发&故障时,节点重新发现路由带来的延迟。关键词:无线自组网;路由协议;AODV;路由环路;备份路由RESEARCHONROUTINGOFWIRELESSAdHocNETWORKSABSTRACTNowadays,wirelessnetworkswithflexibilityandsimplicitysuchasWLANhavebeenappliedinmoreandmoresituations.How
4、ever,specificwirelessroutersorwirelessaccesspointsandothernecessaiynetworkinfrastructuresarerequiredinmostofthesewirelessnetworks.WirelessAdHocnetworkiscomposedofagroupofwirelessmobilenodes,whichexistingnetworkinfrastructureisnotneededandthenetworkcanbequick
5、lyinitialized・Inmilitarywirelesscommunication,therearenoinfrastructuresandthecommunicationisatempnetworkwithstrongsurvivability・WirelessAdHocnetworkisraisedmoreandmoreconcerninmilitarywirelesscommunication.InwirelessAdHocnetworks,mobilenodesarewithwirelessco
6、mmunicationdevices,andthenetworkcanbebuiltupfastanywhereandanytime・Thefeaturesofthisnetworkaretypicallymulti-hopandtemporary,alsocentrenodesarenotexisted・AnysupportfrombasicnetworkdevicesisnotrequiredinwirelessAdHocnetwork,andalsoeverynodecanmovefreelyandbee
7、quallyconstructed・Consideringthenodes*movementinwirelessAdHocnetworks,thiswillleadtheconstantchangeinthetopologyofthenetwork・Theroutingprotocols(suchasRIP,OSPF)appliedwellintraditionalnetworkcanbenotsimplyadaptedtowirelessAdHocnetworks.Meanwhile,duetothelowC
8、PUprocessandstorageofthenodesinwirelessAdHocnetwork,andtheconstraintofchanneldisturbance,powerandenergy,sotheroutingprotocolshavetobesimpleasbest.Asresult,moreresearchisfocusedontheroutingprotoc