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1、外文翻译原文Cost-ContainmentandCost-ManagementStrategiesMaterialSource:Author:Alanf.Goldberg,WilliamP.FlemingTheleadershipandboardsoftrusteesofallhealthcareorganizationsaretheultimatestewardsofthelimitedresourcesavailabletobestmeetcommunityneeds.Thestrategicplanningprocessleadstheorgan
2、izationdownaclearpathofsettingpriorities,makingchoices,andtakingaction.Thedayanewcancercenteropensorthelatesttechnologyarrivesisanexcitingoneforthecommunity.Aftertheribboncutting,thesenewprogramsbecometheresponsibilityofthehospital'sservicelinedirectorsorclinicalmanagers.Theirsta
3、ffingisbasedonprojectionsandotherassumptionsthatmayormaynotbeonpointbuthaveadirectimpactontheoperationsandfinancesoftheorganization.Aspartofnormaldecisionmakingforahospital'snewinitiatives,apayermixandrevenuestreamwerepredicted.Nowtwosignificantenvironmentaleventshavemadeprojecti
4、onsmoreuncertainandputaggressivecostmanagementoncenterstage:theeconomicdownturnandpaymentreform.Theeconomicdownturnaffectinghospitalsbeganinthefallof2008.ItsbroadimpactontheorganizationwasdescribedbyGoldbergandPetasnick(2010):Withcreditmarketsdryingup,unemploymentrising,consumerc
5、onfidenceeroding,andemployeemoraleshaken,healthcaresystemexecutiveshadtheirhandsfull.Thecombinedresultoftheturmoilmadetheoldadage"cashisking"truerthanever.Asconsumerspulledbackandindividualslosthealthinsurance,hospitalsexperiencedlossesinvolumeforelective,nonemergenthealthcare.Fi
6、nancialoperatingresultssuffered.Meanwhile,lossesininvestmentvalueseliminatedthesafetynetreservescreatedbynonoperatingincome.Manyhospitalsandhealthcaresystemswereforcedtoconsiderorenactlayoffsandpostponeorcancelcapital-intensiveprojects.Allwererequiredtorethinktheirstrategicplans.
7、Becauseoftheeconomicdownturnandhighunemployment,whichledtoincomedeclinesandindividualslosingjob-basedhealthcarecoverage,Medicaidenrollmentisprojectedtoincrease10.5percentinfiscal2010.Whenyoucouplethiswithsignificantdeclinesinstateandfederalrevenue,thereisashortfallinmeetingfinanc
8、ialobligations.Notsurprisingly,Medicaidc
