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1、摘要Mesh作为一种新型的网络拓扑结构,受到了广泛的关注。它是改善无线通信系统性能,提高服务质量的一条重要途径。随着通信产业日益增加的资源消耗和对通信效率关注度的提高,需要对现有的网络进行改善。MAC层协议的优劣决定了无线Mesh网络的性能的好坏和频率资源的利用效率高低。因此,提出一种高效能的无线Mesh网络MAC协议具有重要意义。本文旨在研究MAC协议的优化策略,以提升无线Mesh网络性能,实现网络频谱效率和能量效率的提高。首先,讲述了IEEE802.11MAC协议,对DCF协议的原理进行了详细描述。其次,分析了频谱效率和能量效率在无线Mesh网络的基本MAC协议——CSMA/CA
2、中的性能,获得了频谱效率、能量效率与网络规模、最小竞争窗口及MAC帧发送概率之间的关系,发现频谱效率和能量效率的最优值很接近。接着,本文引入一种进化算法一一粒子群算法,并基于该算法提出了一种同时优化无线Mesh网络中的频谱效率和能量效率的尝试性的MAC协议。在该协议中,网络节点可以自适应的调节竞争窗口,以实现效率的提升。仿真结果表明,提出的协议分别在单跳和多跳无线Mesh网络中对两种效率的性能均有提升。关键词:无线Mesh网络MAC协议CSMA/CAPSOAbstractAsanewkindofnetworktopology,Meshhasattractedwidespreadcon
3、cern.ItisanimportantwaytoimprovetheperformanceandQoSofwirelesscommunicationsystems.Withtheincreasingconsumptionofresouiresinthecommunicationsindustryandthegreatinterestsininprovingtheefficiencyofcommunicationsystems,akeyissueistheimprovmentoftheexistingnetwork.ThemeritoftheMACprotocoldetermines
4、notonlythetransmissionquality,butalsotheefficiencyofthewirelessMeshnetwork.Therefore,ahigh-performanceMACprotoco1forwirelessMeshnetworkissignifican匸Inthispaper,theresearchworkistoenhancetheperformanceofwirelessMeshnetworkbystudyingtheoptimizationstrategiesofMACprotocol.First,thebasicknowledgeof
5、IEEE802.11MACprotocolisintroduced,andtheprincipleofDCFprotocolhasbeenmadeadetaileddescription.Second,theperformanceofthespectralefficiencyandenergyefficiencyofCSMA/CA,thebasicMACprotocolinWirelessMeshNetwork,isanalyzed・Therelationshipamongthespectrumefficiency,energyefficiency,networksize,minim
6、umcontentionwindowandMACframetransmissionprobabilityisobtained,theoptimumvalueofspectrumefficiencyisclosetothatofenergyefficiency.Then,thispaperintroducesparticleswarmalgorithm,anevolutionaryalgorithm,andpresentaheuristicapproachtooptimizethespectrumandenergyefficiencysimultaneouslyinwirelessme
7、shnetworks.Intheproposedprotocol,thenodesinthenetworkcanadjustthecontentionwindowadaptivelytoachieveoptimumefficiency.SimulationresultsshowthattheperformanceoftheproposedprotocolismuchbetterthantheIEEE802.11DCFinthesingle-hopandmu