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1、2019年高考英语大一轮复习Unit1GreatScientists课时作业新人教版必修5Ⅰ.阅读理解 LinusPauling,theonlypersonwhohaswontwoundividedNobelPrizes,wasborninPortland,Oregon.HeattendedWashingtonHighSchoolbutbecauseofanunimportantdetailhedidnotreceivehisdiplomauntil1962,longafterhehadreceivedhisBachelor’sdegreeinchemicalengineerin
2、gfromOregonStateCollegein1922.Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.HewontheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1954forhisresearchintothenatureofthechemicalbondanditsapplicationtotheexplanationofthestructureofplexsubstances.Hisinterestinthe“behavior”ofmolecules(分子)ledhimfromphysicalche
3、mistrytobiologicalchemistry,especiallyofthehumanbody.Hebeganwithproteinsandtheirmainparts,theaminoacids(氨基酸),whicharecalledthe“buildingblocksoflife”.In1950,heconstructedthefirstsatisfactorymodelofaproteinmolecule,adiscoveryveryimportanttotheunderstandingofthelivingcell.DuringWorldWarⅡ,Paulingw
4、asamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurity,forwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin1948.However,theuseoftheatomicbombneartheendofthewarturnedPaulinginanewdirection.Havinglongworkedonthestructureofmolecules,hetookanimmediateinterestinthedeadlyeffectsofnuclearfalloutonhumanmolecular
5、structures.Fromthenon,Paulingprotestedtheproductionofthehydrogenbombsandsupportedthepreventionofthespreadofnuclearweapons.Throughhisefforts,TheNuclear-Test-BanTreaty,declaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundones,cameintoeffectonOctober10,1963,thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobel
6、PrizeforPeace.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了LinusPauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。他是唯一一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家。1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthatLinusPauling .A.didn’tstudyhardwhileinWashingtonHighSchoolB.istheonlyscientistwhohaswontwoNobelPrizesC.wasoncebadlytreatedinWashingtonHighSchoolD.chosetostudychemicalengineeringto
7、earnhisliving【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一段最后一句话“Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.”可以得出正确答案为D选项。2.WhichofthefollowingthingsdidPaulingpaymuchattentiontoatfirst?A.The“behavior”ofmolecules.B.Physicalchemistry.C.Biologicalchemis