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2019-2020年高三上学期英语自主学习（六）含答案第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Gooverthelist.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Goforanouting.2.WhichistrueaboutBusNo.3?A.Itrunsevery15minutes.B.Itisalready20minuteslate.C.Itmayarriveverysoon.3.Whatisthewomandoing?A.plaining.B.Apologizing.C.Consulting.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewillgowiththewoman.B.Hewon’tgowiththewoman.C.Hehastothinkaboutit.5.Wheredoesthisdialogueprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebarber’s.B.Atthedentist’s.C.Atthebaker’s.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。6.Whydidthewomanfailtobuyasweater?A.Becauseofthesize.B.Becauseofthecolor.C.Becauseoftheservice.7.Whatwillthesalesmandonext?A.Haveasweatermadespeciallyforthewoman.B.Advisethewomantotryherluckinanothershop.C.Persuadethewomantobuyasweaterinanothercolor.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.9.Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.Learnaboutpublicschools.B.Fundaprivateschool.C.Applyforanidealschool.10.Whatdoesthequalityofaschooldependon?A.Howmuchitisfunded.B.Howitismanaged.C.Whetheritispublicorprivate. 听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。11.Howdoesthemanfindamountainvillage?A.Big.B.Lively.C.Wonderful.12.Whatopiniondoesthewomansharewiththeman?A.Theyshouldstayinaquietplace.B.Thereisfreshairinamountainvillage.C.It’snicetowalkalongahillinamountainvillage.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeakers’ideasofwheretotravel?A.Theydisagreewitheachother.B.Theysharethesameopinion.C.Theyarenotsureaboutit.听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。14.Howdidthegirlfeelafterthetest?A.Disappointed.B.Annoyed.C.Stressed.15.Whatistheboytryingtodo?A.Invitethegirloutandhaveachatwithher.B.fortthegirlandhelpherfeelrelaxed.C.Advisethegirlonhowtoprepareforatest.16.Whatdoestheboyactuallysuggestthegirldo?A.Spendasmuchtimeaspossibleathome.B.Takepartinvarioussocialevents.C.Joinhiminmeetingdifferentpeople.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.Whyisiceclimbingdifficult?A.Climberscanfindnoplacetoputtheirfeet.B.Theiceinoneplacechangesconstantly.C.Climberscan’tchangetheirplansintime.18.Howmanythingsarementionedforsafty?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Whatistheuseofaniceax?A.Makingsmallopeningsintheice.B.Stoppingclimbersfromfalling.C.Breakingbighardstones.20.Howcanbootssaveclimbers’lives?A.Thereissomethingspecialonthem.B.Theycankeepclimbers’feetwarm.C.Theyensureenoughroomforclimbers.第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Thiscropdoesnotdowellinsoils_______theoneforwhichithasbeenspeciallydeveloped.A.outsideB.otherthanC.beyondD.ratherthan22.ChinesePremierLiKeqiangsignedaStateCouncildecreeonFriday,whichannounceda revisionofregulationsthat_______severalrestrictionsontheoperationofforeignbanksinChina.Thatistosay,China'sbankingindustrywillfurtheracceleratethepaceofopening-uptotheworld.A.removeB.imposeC.resistD.approve23.Itisgracefulgriefandsweetsadnesstothinkofyou,butinmyheart,thereisakindofsoftwarmththatcan'tbe_______withanychoiceofwords.A.advocatedB.conveyedC.analyzedD.concluded24.Ikeptthispicture______Icanseeiteverydayasitremindsmeofmyuniversitydays.A.inwhichB.whereC.whenD.whether25.Shouldyouhaveanydifficultyinpletingthisproject,______meatthisnumber.A.ringingB.ringC.toringD.rang26.Thereasonfordeadlypollutedairinsomeareasthesedaysisthatsomefactoriesdon't________therulestoprotecttheenvironment.A.appreciateB.regardC.honorD.respect27.AustralianbillionaireClivePalmerannouncedplansforthebuildingofhiscruiseshipTitanicII,itsfirstvoyage________forxx.A.toscheduleB.schedulingC.scheduledD.beingscheduled28.Notonlyhavetheexchangestudents’personalskillsstrengthened,______havethesocialskillsthatthey’vegainedfromlivingabroad.A.butalsoB.soC.butsoD.but29.Pleasureinone’sheartandasmileonhis/herlipsisasign________thepersonhasaprettygoodgraspoflife.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what30.Timecannever_________fromusChinesethesadnessandheartachecausedbyWorldWarII.A.turnawayB.giveawayC.wipeawayD.putaway31.“PresidentXiJinping’sreport,”asmileonhisface,hecontinued,“______toseveralhottopics,discusseshowtoincreasepeasants’ine.”A.referringB.refersC.havingreferredD.referred32. ---Whydidyoueatyourwords,Billy? ---Sorry,dear.ButIreallyforgotwhereIwas_________tomeetyou. A.demanded B.imagined C.supposed D.guessed33. Thefallingofthenewbuilding_______itssoftbase. A.resultedin B.sufferedfrom C.ledto D.layin34.---Howlong________inourschool?---Forjusttheweekend.IamdueforaforuminHainannextMondaymorning.A.areyoustayingB.haveyoustayedC.didyoustayD.doyoustay35.---How’syourexperimentgoing,Tom?---________.I’mhalffinishedwithit.A.SofarsogoodB.It'sright.C.ItalldependsD.Forgetit第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Scotty!”Mr.Brown,myYear11Englishteacher,calledmebymynickname(绰号)acrosstheclassroom.Hiseyeswerebrightandasecret36washalfhiddenbehindthebeard.Oncehefinishedjokingovermyunbearable37,Irealizedhewasgoingtoreadmystoryaloudtotheclass.Iturnedred,feelingatoncebothembarrassedand38.Ihadmyvery39readingaudience!Thoughmyclassmateswerea‘passiveaudience’,itdidn’tweakenmyfeelingofbeing40.Afterthat,Icameto41thoseYear11Englishclasses.ThroughoutschoolIhadalwaysstudiedhardandachievedwellinmyschoolsubjects.Butcreative42wasapassion,anditwasnotanassignment,butawayofunderstandingtheworldandof43mythoughtsandfeelingsabouteventsandattitudes.Mr.Brownwasthefirstto44meformywritingsoopenly.Myscoreswerealways19/20or20/20.Mystorieswereoftenreadouttotheclass.Heeven45onewiththerespectedHeadofEnglishteachers,whichwasthemost46partthatisimpressedonmymemory.But47that,heofferedabeliefinmethatnootherteacherhad.Myschool48oftenstated,‘Candiceisaquietachiever.’Ithoughtitwasmeantasa(n)49forbeinghard-working.Iwassomeonethatnoonereally50before,butMr.Brownmanagedto51allthatbybringingmetotheattentionoftheworld.Thoughitwastherelatively52worldofschool,itputtheseedofbeliefinmyselfthatsomedayIcouldbean53personratherthanthepersonwhofadedintothebackground.I54touchwithmyteacherlongago,aswedowhenwemoveawayfromtheschoolsystemandenterlife.IwishIcouldtellhimnowhowmuchhe55me.36.A.trickB.fearC.surpriseD.smile37.A.sadnessB.shynessC.weaknessD.kindness38.A.ashamedB.calmC.thrilledD.depressed39.A.unfriendlyB.devotedC.smallD.first40.A.specialB.intelligentC.famousD.diligent41.A.loveB.hateC.attendD.miss42.A.thinkingB.readingC.writingD.speaking43.A.organizingB.collectingC.expressingD.hiding44.A.trainB.remendC.criticizeD.acknowledge45.A.paredB.sharedC.posedD.exchanged46.A.interestingB.shockingC.challengingD.exciting47.A.morethanB.otherthanC.insteadofD.inspiteof48.A.daysB.effortsC.booksD.reports49.A.praiseB.urgeC.reasonD.petition50.A.believedB.noticedC.supportedD.respected51.A.forgetB.pensateC.changeD.prove52.A.developedB.limitedC.preservedD.disturbed53.A.importantB.educatedC.honestD.optimistic54.A.soughtB.regainedC.lostD.ignored55.A.owedB.influencedC.satisfiedD.attracted 第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheargumentoveraPhiladelphiaschooldistrictaccusedofsecretlyspyingonpupilsthroughlaptopcamerasbecamefiercertodayafteritacknowledgedobtainingmorethan56,000imagesofitsstudents,manyofthemintheirhomes.Whenthescandal(丑闻)firstbroke,itwasbelievedthatonlyafewpictureshadbeentakenofonepupil,BlakeRobbins.ButcourtpapersreleasedthisweekshowedthatthousandsofimagesweretakenofRobbinsandotherstudents.Robbinsandhisparentshavefiledanactionagainsttheschooldistrict.CourtpapersfromtheRobbins’slawyerssaidthatatfirstitwasthoughtthatthelaptops’technologyhadproducedafewimagesbuttheyfoundmorethan400ofRobbins,includingimages“showinghimpartiallyundressedandsleeping”.Robbinssaidhedidnotknowwhythespyingdevicewasactivated(激活)ashislaptophadnotbeenreportedstolenormissing.Otherstudentswhosepicturesweretakensaidtheirlaptopshadnotbeenreportedstolenormissingeither.Anadministratorattheschool,oneofthefewwithauthoritytotrackthelaptops,remainedsilent,refusingtoanswerquestions.ThePhiladelphiaInquirerreportedthat38,500oftheimagescamefromsixlaptopsthathadbeenreportedmissingfromtheHarritongyminSeptemberxx.Theseapparentlyhelpedthepolicecatchasuspect.Anothersetofimageswerefromcamerasinlaptopswhichemployeesresponsiblefortrackingfailedorforgottoturnoff.Thecourtpapers,filedbyRobbins’lawyers,saidthatthetechnologywasactivatedbetween20Octoberand4Novemberlastyear,withmostofthe400shotsofhimwhilehewasinhishome,andincludedhisfamily.“TherewereadditionalwebcampicturesandscreenshotstakenofBlakeRobbinswhich,uptonow,havenotbeenrecoveredbecausetheevidencewasdeletedbytheITdepartment,”thecourtpaperssay.OneofRobbins’lawyersistryingtoobtainaccesstotheadministrator’shomeputertoconfirmwhethershedownloadedanyofthepictures.Thecourtpapersindicateshemaybeavoyeur(窥隐私者)thoughithasnotbeenproved.56.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_________.A.Robbins’parentsremainedcalmoverthescandalB.RobbinshadhislaptopstolenbeforethescandalC.thelaptops’technologyproducedsomeimagesD.theprivaterightsofthestudentswereoffended57.WhatdidThePhiladelphiaInquirersayaboutthecase?A.Thepolicehadfoundsomeevidence.B.MostofthelaptopsinHarritongymweremissing.C.Employeesinchargeoftrackingdeliberatelyleftthelaptopson.D.Therewasobviouslymorethanonesuspectrelatedtothecase.58.Accordingtothecourtpapers,theadministrator_________.A.mayhavespiedherstudentsonpurposeB.mayhavebrokenintoRobbin’shouse C.hasdownloadedmanystudents’picturesD.hasremovedevidencefromputers59.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Moderntechnologyhasnegativeeffectsonourlives.B.StudentsinPhiladelphiaareaccustomedtobeingspiedonsecretly.C.APhiladelphiaschoolischargedwithspyingstudentsthroughlaptopcameras.D.TheAmericangovernmentshouldtakemeasurestoimproveteachers’qualities.BWhyxxwasthebestyeareverItmaynotfeellikeit,butxxhasbeenthegreatestyearinthehistoryoftheworld.Neverhastherebeenlesshunger,lessdiseaseormoreprosperity(繁荣).TheWestremainsintheeconomicdepression,butmostdevelopingcountriesarechargingahead,andpeoplearebeingliftedoutofpovertyatthefastestrateeverrecorded.Thenumberofdeathscausedbywarandnaturaldisastersisalsomercifullylow.Wearelivinginagoldenage.Takeglobalpovertyasanexample.In1990,theUNannouncedMillenniumDevelopmentGoals,thefirstofwhichwastohalvethenumberofpeopleinextremepovertybyxx.Itturnedoutthisyearthatthetargetwasmetinxx.Thedoom-mongers(末世论者)willtellyouthatwecannotmaintainworldwideeconomicgrowthwithoutruiningourenvironment.Butwhiletherichworld’seconomiesgrewby6percentoverthelastsevenyears,fossilfuel(矿物燃料)consumptioninthosecountriesfellby4percent.Thisremarkableachievementhasnothingtodowithgreentaxesorwind-farms.Itisdowntoconsumerdemandformoreefficientcars.Advancesinmedicineandtechnologymeanthatpeopleacrosstheworldarelivinglonger.TheaveragelifespaninAfricareached55thisyear.Tenyearsago,itwas50.ThenumberofpeopledyingfromAidshasbeenindeclineforthelasteightyears.Deathsfrommalariahavefallenbyafifthinhalfadecade.Warhashistoricallybeenhuman’sbiggestkiller.Butinmostoftheworldtoday,agenerationisgrowingupthatknowslittleofit.ThePeaceResearchInstituteinOslosaystherehavebeenfewerwardeathsinthelastdecadethananytimeinthelastcentury.Fiftyyearsago,theworldwasbreathingasighofreliefaftertheCubanmissilecrisis.Youngcoupleswoulddiscusswhetheritwasresponsibletohavechildrenwhenthefutureseemedsodark.Butnow,it’sworthrememberingthat,inspiteofallourproblems,theforcesofpeace,progressandprosperityareprevailing(占优势).60.Whathascausedthedecreaseinthefossilfuelconsumption?A.Peoplehavetopayheaviertaxesonfossilfuel.B.Therearemoreandmorerenewableresourcesnow.C.Thereisasharpdeclineinthenumberofcars.D.Peoplearepurchasingmoreenergy-savingcars.61.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Peopledon’tsufferfrommalariaanymore.B.Thereweremanymorewardeathsinthelastcentury.C.Theyounggenerationshowslittleinterestinwar.D.ThenumberofAids-affectedpeopleisdeclining. 62.WhichonedoesNOThelpprovethatxxwasthebestyearever?A.Fewernaturaldisastersoccurred.B.Globalpovertyrelieved.C.Cubanmissilecrisisended.D.Technologyandmedicineadvanced.63.Theauthortriestoinformpeoplethat_______.A.xxwitnessedmoreadvancesindevelopedcountriesB.xxbroughtuslessstarvationandmoreprosperityC.xxsaweconomicgrowthaswellasenvironmentaldestructionD.xxprovideduswithapeacefulworldfreefromconflictsCSASInstitutexxrank:1(2011rank:2)Headquarters:Cary,N.C.,USASoftwarepanySASclimbedtothetopofthegloballistthisyear,edgingupfromtheNo.2spotitheldlastyear.Sowhatmakesthispanysogreattoworkfor?Well,foronething,itsleadersarecertainlyaccessible.CEOJimGoodnighthostsmonthly“ConversationsOverCoffee,”unscriptedbreakfastmeetingsthatareopentoallemployees.Theseconversationsaresopopularthatotherdivisionheadshavebeguntoholdsimilareventsfortheiremployees.Googlexxrank:2(2011rank:4)Headquarters:MountainView,Calif.,USAGooglemovedupbytwospotsinthisyear’srankingofglobalworkplaces.Thehighlydesirabletechreceives61timesasmanyapplicantsastheyhaveexistingjobs,andforgoodreason.Googleseemstobeallaboutcoaching.Thepany’s“CareerGuru”programmakes43ofitsseniorleadersavailableforone-on-one,confidentialcareercoachingsessionswithotherGooglers.Engineeringemployeesatalllevelscanalsogetadvicefrom“EngAdvisors”,seniorengineersatGooglewhocandiscussanynumberofissues,likework-lifebalance,conflictresolution,andperformancereviews.NetAppxxrank:3(2011rank:3)Headquarters:Sunnyvale,Calif.,USAAllnewemployeesatdatastorageproviderNetAppparticipateintheTOAST(“TrainingOnAllSpecialThings”)orientationprogram,whichintroducesnewarrivalstoNetApp’sseniormanagement.Themeetingsareheldeverymonthandarealwaysledbytheexecutiveteam.Microsoftxxrank:4(2011rank:1)Headquarters:Redmond,Wash.,USAAspartofMicrosoft’smitmenttopromotingwomenintechnology,thepanyestablisheditsDigiGirlzprograminxx.MicrosofthostsaseriesofDigiGirlzDayeventswherefemalehighschoolstudentsmeetMicrosoftemployeesandlearnaboutcareersintechnology.In2011,some36Microsoftlocationsacrosstheworldhostedmorethan2,000girls.MicrosoftalsoholdsDigiGirlzHighTechCamps,multi-dayprogramswhereparticipantsgethands-onexperiencewithtechnologyduringworkshopsandmeetwithtechexecutives.64.WhathelpedmakeSASclimbtothetopofthelistinxx?A.Accessibleleaders.B.Populardivisions.C.Qualifiedemployees.D.Qualitysoftware.65.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Microsoftemployedover2,000girlworkersin2011. B.NewengineeringGooglerscouldgetadvicefromseniorGooglers.C.AllNetAppemployeeshadtoattendaspecialtraining.D.AllleadersinSAShadthesameconversationswiththeiremployees.66.TheseAmericanpaniesarerankedaccordingto_________.A.thetrainingprogrameachpanyestablishesB.thewealtheachpanypossessesnowC.theleveloftechnologyeachofthepanyreachesD.thenumberofpeoplewillingtoworkforthepanyDNowcamegreatnews!Itcamefromaneighboringstate,wherethefamily’sonlysurvivingrelativelived.ItwasSally’srelative—adistantrelativebythenameofTilburyFoster,seventyandsingle.TilburynowwrotetoSally,sayingheshouldshortlydie,andshouldleavehimthirtythousanddollars,cash;notforlove,butbecausemoneyhadgivenhimmostofhistroubles,andhewishedtoplaceitwheretherewasgoodhopethatitwouldcontinueitsevilwork.Thebequestwouldbefoundinhiswill,andwouldbeofficiallyhandedoverprovidedthatSallyshouldbeabletoprovetotheexecutors(遗嘱执行人).AssoonasAleckhadpartiallyrecoveredfromthestrongemotionscreatedbytheletter,shesentsomeonetotherelative’shomeandsubscribedforthelocalpaper.FortherestofthedaySallymadeconfusionwithhisbooks,andAleckcouldnotkeephermindonheraffairs,noteventakeupaflower-potorbookorastickofwoodwithoutforgettingwhatshehadintendedtodowithit.Forbothweredreaming.“Thirtythousanddollars!”AlldaylongAleckwasabsorbedinplanninghowtoinvestit,Sallyinplanninghowtospendit.Therewasnoromance-readingthatnight.Thechildrentookthemselvesawayearly,fortheirparentsweresilent,disturbed,andstrangelyunentertaining.Twopencilshadbeenbusyduringthathour—note-making;inthewayofplans.ItwasSallywhobrokethestillnessatlast.Hesaid,withexcitement,“Ah,it’llbegrand,Aleck!Outofthefirstthousandwe’llhaveahorseandabuggyforsummer,andacutterandaskinlap-robeforwinter.”Aleckrespondedwithdecisionandcalmness.“Youcanspendapartofit.Butthewholeofthecapitalmustbeputrighttowork.“Why,yes.Yes,ofcourse.Haveyougotitinvestedyet?”“No,there’snohurryaboutthat;Imustlookaroundfirst,andthink,er…,I’veturneditovertwice;onceinoilandonceinwheat.”“Why,Aleck,it’ssplendid!Whatdoesitamountto?”“Ithink—well,tobeonthesafeside,aboutahundredandeightythousandclear,thoughitwillprobablybemore.”“My!Isn’titwonderful?Goodheaven!Luckhaseourwayatlast,Aleck!”Thentheywentuptobed,buttheyleftthecandleburninginthesittingroom.Theydidnotrememberuntiltheywereundressed;thenSallywasforlettingitburn;hesaidtheycouldaffordit,ifitwasathousand.ButAleckwentdownandputitout.Agoodjob,too;foronherwaybackshehitonaschemethatwouldturnthehundredandeightythousandintohalfamillionbeforeithadhadtimetogetcold. 67.WhywouldTilburyliketogiveallhismoneytoSally?A.BecauseSallywasTilbury’sonlyrelativealive.B.BecauseTilburylovedSallyandhisfamilydeeply.C.BecauseTilburywantedhismoneytocontinueitsfunction.D.BecauseSallyandhiswifearegoodatinvesting.68.Theunderlinedword“bequest”inParagraph1probablymeans_________.A.agiftofpersonalpropertyB.aproofofaperson’sidentityC.amethodofgettingmoneyD.areasonforgivingmoney69.WhatdoweknowaboutSallyandhiswifeafterreceivingtheletter?A.Theywereindeepsorrowandstayedupallnight.B.Theycaredlittleaboutthebequestandlivedtheirlifeasusual.C.TheypaidavisittoTilburytoconfirmthetruthoftheletter.D.Theyhadabigambitiontoinvestthemoneyandmakehugeprofits.70.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThrillingNewsB.Sally’sDistantRelativeC.The$30,000BequestD.ASmartInvestment第Ⅱ卷(两部分共35分)第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。ThebasicsofinfrastructuredesignItisrightlypointedoutvariousintellectualsthatthelifestyleoftodayisvastlydifferentfromthatoftheearliertimesespeciallyintermsofitspace.Lifestyleoftodayisremarkablyfastpacedandsoinordertocatchupwithsuchapaceoflife,theadoptionofsmartandtimesavingmethodsisofrealsignificance.Well,thehighwayshavecertainlycontributedinthisdirectionandhavemadeourlivesaloteasier.Thankstothemodernflyoversandexpressways,asingleroutecanbeaccessedbytwicethenumberofvehiclesatthesametime.Thesefacilitiesandsupplieshavemadeourlivesdoublefreebutitneedstoberealizedthatdesigningandconstructingitisaveryplexandalongprocess.Youhavetoholdfasttothevariousrulesofdesigning,governmentstandardsandmostimportantly,theirsafetyandusabilityforthepeople.Intheenditisajointeffortofanumberofskilledengineers,scientistsandstatisticians.Thematerialthatisusedintheconstructionisfinalizedafteritundergoescertaintestsforevaluatingtheirqualitieslikehardness,roughness,thicknessandallthatisrequired.Someofthepointsyouhavetotakecareofwhilelayinganinfrastructuredesignareasfollows:Thebasiclayout(布局)oftheroad—Atthislevelofplanning,variouscivilengineershavemeetingstofigureoutthebasicrequirementsoftheroadlikethicknessoftheasphalt(沥青),thesizeoflanes,distancetobecovered,degreeofcurvesandmuchmore.Thesefundamentalpointshelpthemdecidethefurtherlineofaction.Thepriorsteps—Beforeanyworkisstatedoverthebasicplanlayout,therearevariouspreparationstobemadelikeplacingroadsigns,theremovaloftreesthatmayprovetobedangerousintheeventofastormorothernaturalcauses,thepositioningoffirehydrants(消防栓)basedonspecialdesignstobeusefulwhenrequired,etc.Inclusionofsafetybarriers—Thesafetybarriersareplacedonalmostallroadsandhighways thataremadeoverorneartoriversandcliffs.Thesebarrierskeepthevehiclesfrommovingintothetrafficininstancesofaccidents.Theseshouldalsobedesignedinadvanceofplacingthemonaroadandthedesignshouldbesuchthatitmakesminimumimpactuponthepeoplesittinginthecar.Theseincludesupplieslikesiderailsandlightpoles.Asphaltpavementmarking—Itistheprocessofusingareflectivematerialtoindicatevariousimportantpointsontheroadlikelanes,turns,passingareas,twowayandonewayroads.Thoughthesmoothandwidehighwaysconstructedinbigcitiesseemtobeveryattractiveforthedrivers,theeaseofuseisalsothecauseofaccidents.Carsrushingatextremelyhighspeedsandinsecurechangeoflanesareamonsightonthehighways.Withthehelpofnovelinfrastructuredesignengineers,wecanmakethebestpossibleuseofhighways.Ifthesearedesignedproperlyandsignboardsareplacedattherequiredpoints,anumberofroadaccidentscanbeavoided.ThebasicsofinfrastructuredesignReasonforconstructionofinfrastructureInfrastructuremust(71)_________thedemandsoftoday’sfast-pacedlifestyle.Challengesofdesignand(72)_________Variousrules,standards,safetyandusabilityshouldbetakenintocarefulconsideration.Skilledengineers,scientistsandstatisticianshavetoworkhard(73)_________.Materialsmustbe(74)_________toensuretheirqualities.PointstofollowVariousengineersmeet tomakesureaboutfundamental (75)_________ oftheroad.Thingslike(76)__________treesthatarepotentiallydangerousmustbedonebeforeconstruction.Safetybarriersshouldbecarefully(77)_________beforebeingplacedtopreventaccidents.Materialthatcan(78)_________lightshouldbeusedtomarksonthepavement.PossibleproblemsandsolutionsSmoothandwidehighwaysmay(79)_________accidents.Highwaysshouldbedesignedproperlyandsignboards(80)_________attherequiredpoints.第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 Apeacockwasveryunhappywithhisuglyvoice,andhespentmostofhisdaysplainingaboutit. “Itistruethatyoucannotsing,”saidthefox,“butlookhowbeautifulyouare!” “Oh,butwhatgoodisallthisbeauty,”criedthebird,“withsuchanunpleasantvoice!”“Listen,”saidthefox,“eachoneownssomethinggood.Youhavesuchbeauty;thenightingalehashissong;andtheowlhashiseyes.Evenifyouhadasweetvoice,youwouldstillplainaboutanotherthing.Whycan’tyoujustbehappyaboutwhatyouhavealreadygot?”【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括短文的主要内容。2．以约120个词就“停止抱怨并珍惜自己所拥有的”这一主题发表你的看法,内容包括:（1）你或你身边的人的类似事例；（2）谈谈你对该主题的看法。【写作要求】1．作文中可以使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。 高三英语自主学习材料12听力：1—5BCAAB 6—10BAACB11—15CCACB16—20BBBAA单选：21--25BBBBB26-----30DCCAC31---35ACDAA完型：36—40DBCDA41—45ACCDB46—50DADAB51—55CBACB阅读56—60DAACD61—65BCBAB66—70DCADC71.meet/satisfy72.construction73.together74.tested75.requirements76.removing77.designed78.reflect79.cause80.PlacedOnepossibleversion:Thisstoryisaboutapeacockwhoplainedalotabouthisuglyvoicewhileactuallyhelookedverybeautiful.Afoxadvisedhimtobecontentwithwhathewasblessedwith.ThepeacockremindsmeofmyfriendMike,whoisalwaysupset.Heplainshisparentsaretoobusytostayathomewithhim.Heplainsheistooshorttoplaybasketballwell.Butheneverrealizeshowmuchhisparentslovehim,andhowbeautifullyhecanplaytheviolin,whichmakeshimtheenvyofhisclassmates.Manypeoplearoundmefocusonwhattheywantinsteadofwhattheyhave.Asaresultoftheirendlessdesires,theyareoftendissatisfied.Inmyopinion,weshouldstaypositiveandvaluewhatwehaveinsteadofplainingtoomuch.Ifweremaingratefulforwhatwealreadyhaveandwhatwecanfulfill,wemayliveahappierlife.听力材料：Text1W:Paul,couldyougoovertheshoppinglistandseeifthere’sanythingelseyouneed?M:Yes,Darling.Well,it’sincludedeverything.Text2M:Excuseme.I’vebeenwaitingherefor15minutes.DoyouknowhowoftendoesNo.3run?W:Oh,itrunsevery20minutes.Itshouldbehereanyminutenow.Text3W:Doyouthinkyoucouldkeepthenoisedown?M:I’msorry.AmIkeepingyouawake?W:Yes.Andanotherthing,wouldyoumindnotmakinglongdistancecalls?Text4M:IgohikinginsummerandinwinterIski.W:DoyoumindifIealongsometime?W:No,notatall.Text5M:Howlonghaveyoubeeninpain?W:ItstartedtohurtwhenIwaseatingdinner.M:Openyourmouth,please…Mm,it’squiteserious.I’mafraidwe’llhavetopullthetoothout.Text6M:Isanybodywaitingonyou?W:No.I’mtryingtofindagreensweaterinextralarge.M:Wehaveyoursize,butnotinthatcolor. W:Canyouorderoneforme?M:Certainly.Justgivemeyournameandaddress.Text7M:I’mtryingtodecidewhatschooltoapplyfor.W:Areyouthinkingaboutapublicschooloraprivateone?M:I’mnotsure.What’sthedifferencebetweenthem?W:Publicschoolsareusuallystatefunded,whileprivateschoolsusuallygettheirfundingelsewhere.M:Whichisbetter?W:Oneisn’tnecessarilybetterthantheother.Itdependsalotontheschooladministrationandtheteachers.M:Ihearyouhavetowearuniformsatprivateschools.W:Yeah,sometimes.Text8W:Whydoyouwanttospendyoursummerdaysinamountainvillage?M:Ithinkamountainvillageissplendid!W:Idon’tthinkso.It’stoosmall.M:Butithasfreshair,anditisnicerthanabigtown.W:Ithinkabigtownismorelively.M:Still,Ilikethesmallmountainvillage.Thebigtownisnoisy.Howpleasantitiswhenwalkingalongthehill!W:Well,alright,Iagreewithyouaboutthat,butIstillpreferabigtown.Text9M:Hello!Howareyoutoday?W:Hi.I’mfeelingverynervous.IjusthadatestandI’mnotsurehowwellorhowbadlyIdid.M:It’snouseworryingaboutitnow.You’vedonethetestandyoucan’tchangeanyofyouranswers.W:That’strue.Ireallyshouldgohomeandprepareforthenexttest,butI’mfeelingtired.M:Let’sgoandgetacoffeetogether.Thatwillhelpyoutorefreshyourself!W:OK.Ifeellikesittingdownandhavingachat.Howhaveyoubeenrecently?M:Oh,youknowme.I’malwayshappy!IfIthinkI’mgettingintoabadmood,Icallsomefriendsandhaveachat.W:That’sagoodidea.Iusuallyjustsitathomealoneandgetincreasinglyupset.M:Ihatespendingtoomuchtimeathome.Igetboredofitreallyquickly.I’malwaysexcitedaboutgoingouttopartiesorclubsorsomeotherplacesandmeetingpeople.W:PerhapsI’mbeingtooshy.Ishouldgooutmoretooandnotspendtimeworryingabouttests!Text10Iceclimbingissimilartomountainclimbing.However,insteadofbeingonhardstone,iceclimbersmoveup,down,andevenacrosswallsofcoldice.Onedifficultthingabouticeclimbingisthattheiceinoneplacecanchangefromdaytoday.Itcanevenchangefromhourtohour.Thebestwaytogoupawalloficeinthemorningmaynotbethebestwaytoedownagainlater.Iceclimbershavetolearnhowtoseedifferencesintheice.Theymustalsobeabletochangetheirplansaccordingly.Somethingsareveryimportanttohelpkeepiceclimberssaferwhentheyclimb.Firstofall, theyneedspecialbootstokeeptheirfeetwarm.Thesebootsalsohelpstopthemfromfallingwhentheyputtheirfeetdownontheice.Secondly,iceclimbersneedaniceax.Theycanusethisaxtomakesmallopeningsintheice.Theycanthencarefullyplacetheirfeetintheopenings.Thethirdimportantthingtheyneedisaropesystem.Climbersoftenonlyuseonerope,butsometimestheyusetwo.Nowlet’stakealookatsomethingspecialthatalliceclimbersputontheirboots—crampons.Cramponsholdclimbers’feetsecurelyastheyplacethemontheice.Thecramponsactuallygointotheiceandgivetheclimberasecureplacetostep.Peoplesaythatcramponsareresponsibleforsavingmanyclimbers’livesbecausetheystopthemfromfalling.
