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1、ContradictionandUnity：InterpretationsofThreeCharacters9DreamsinAMidsummerNightfsDreamI・IntroductionWilliamShakespeare(26April1564一23April1616)wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright,widelyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworld'spreeminentdramatist.HeisoftencalledEngland'snat
2、ionalpoetandthe"BardofAvon11(orsimply"TheBard11).Hisplayshavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlivinglanguage,andareperformedmoreoftenthanthoseofanyotherplaywright.AMidsummerNight'sDreamisaromanticcomedybyWilliamShakespeare,suggestedby"TheKnightsTale”fromGeoffreyChaucefsTheCanterburyTales.I
3、tportraystheadventuresoffouryoungAthenianloversandagroupofamateuractors,theirinteractionswiththeDukeandDuchessofAthens,TheseusandHippolyta,andwiththefairieswhoinhabitamoonlitforest.TheplayisoneofShakespeare'smostpopularworksforthestageandiswidelyperformedacrosstheworld.AMidsummerNight
4、'sDreamwasprobablywrittenin1595-96,andthereforebelongstoShakespeare^searlyperiodasdramatist.Thiswashistimeofapprenticeshiptotheplaywright^craft,whenhewasexperimentinginvariousdramaticforms,exploringamongthemanymaterialsavailabletohim,tryingoutnewcombinationsofeffects,makinghimselffami
5、liarwiththetoolsofhiscraft,andperfectinghisuseofthem.ThisisnottosaythatAMidsummerNight'sDreamisacrudeoramateurishplay.Incertainrespectsitisimperfect:forexample,someofcharactersarepoorlydrawnanddonotalwayscomefullytolife.Yetwhenwetakeintoaccountthemannerinwhichtheyoungdramatisthascombi
6、nedsoeffectivelysucharichvarietyofmaterials一delightfulstories,superbpoetry,charmingsongs,moonlightandmagic,rusticsandfairies,aristocratsandcommonfolk,humor,satire,andsomequiteseriousobservationonloveandmarriage—necanonlymarvelatthecraftsmanshipthathasbeenabletowelditallintosuchabalanc
7、ed,controlled,andunifiedwholeasAMidsummerNight"sDreamis.AMidsummerNightsDreamhasbeenresearchedfromalotofaspectsbymanydramatistsbothhomeandabroad.Someonefocusesonitswords,someoneconcernsitsplots,andsomeonestudieshumanismitreflects.Itisafamouscomedy,andhasaperfectending.However,thecours
8、eoftr
