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时间:2019-10-11
《希腊早期的数学与天文学》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、希腊早期的数学与天文学ThedocumentsIhavecarefullycollatedarefromthewebIonlycollectthecollationIfthereareanymistakesStillaskoneselftocheck!Greece,searlymathematicsandastronomyWhatrmtalkingaboutinthischapterismathIt'snotbecauseofthemathitselfIt,sbecauseoftheGreekphilo
2、sophyThereisarelationship一一averycloserelationship,especiallyinPlato,smindGreekexcellentwatchNowthemathandastronomyIt'smoreobviousthananythingelseThegreekswereinart,literatureandPhilosophicalachievementsWhetherit'sgoodorbadcanbejudgedbythetasteoftheindivi
3、dual;ButtheydiditgeometricallyThereisnodoubtaboutitTheygotsomethingfromEgyptFromBabylontherewasverylittle;AndtheyFromthesesourcesThemainpartofmathematicsisroughexperienceInastronomy,it'snotAlonghistoryofobservationsTheproofofmathematicsAlmostentirelyfrom
4、GreeceTherearealotofveryinterestingstories--perhapsnohistoricalveracity--thatcanbeshownWhataretherealproblemsItstimulatedthestudyofmathematicsTheearliestandsimpleststoryisaboutthalesLegendhasitthathewaskinginEgyptAskhimtofindtheheightofapyramidHewaitedun
5、tilthesunshonethelengthofhisshadowequaltohisheighthouTomeasuretheshadowofthepyramid;Thisshadowis,ofcourse,theheightofthepyramidItissaidthatthelawofperspectivewasoriginallyThegeometer,agathuus,studiedthesceneryofischius'splaysLegendhasitthatitwasthalesStu
6、dythequestionoffindingashipatseaItwasdonecorrectlyataveryearlystageGreeceafewOneofthebigissuesthatheCARESaboutThatistodoublethecubeofacubeItissaidtohaveoriginatedsomewhereinthetempleThepriests;〃TheoracletoldthemAstatueofgodistwiceaslargeastheiroriginalon
7、eInitiallytheywerejustThinkofdoublingthesizeoftheoriginalimageButthentheyrealizedthatitwaseighttimesbiggerthantheoriginalThisismorethangodIt'smuchmoreexpensivetoaskforSotheysentanenvoytoseePlatoIsthereanyoneinhisschoolgardenCansolvetheproblemThegeometric
8、iansacceptedtheproblemForcenturiesAnditcamewiththepropertyAlotofamazingresultsTheproblemis,ofcourse,thecuberootof2Thesquarerootof2isthefirstirrationalnumbertobediscoveredThisirrationalnumberisknownbytheearlyPythagoreansWor
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