希腊早期的数学与天文学

希腊早期的数学与天文学

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时间:2019-10-11

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1、希腊早期的数学与天文学ThedocumentsIhavecarefullycollatedarefromthewebIonlycollectthecollationIfthereareanymistakesStillaskoneselftocheck!Greece,searlymathematicsandastronomyWhatrmtalkingaboutinthischapterismathIt'snotbecauseofthemathitselfIt,sbecauseoftheGreekphilo

2、sophyThereisarelationship一一averycloserelationship,especiallyinPlato,smindGreekexcellentwatchNowthemathandastronomyIt'smoreobviousthananythingelseThegreekswereinart,literatureandPhilosophicalachievementsWhetherit'sgoodorbadcanbejudgedbythetasteoftheindivi

3、dual;ButtheydiditgeometricallyThereisnodoubtaboutitTheygotsomethingfromEgyptFromBabylontherewasverylittle;AndtheyFromthesesourcesThemainpartofmathematicsisroughexperienceInastronomy,it'snotAlonghistoryofobservationsTheproofofmathematicsAlmostentirelyfrom

4、GreeceTherearealotofveryinterestingstories--perhapsnohistoricalveracity--thatcanbeshownWhataretherealproblemsItstimulatedthestudyofmathematicsTheearliestandsimpleststoryisaboutthalesLegendhasitthathewaskinginEgyptAskhimtofindtheheightofapyramidHewaitedun

5、tilthesunshonethelengthofhisshadowequaltohisheighthouTomeasuretheshadowofthepyramid;Thisshadowis,ofcourse,theheightofthepyramidItissaidthatthelawofperspectivewasoriginallyThegeometer,agathuus,studiedthesceneryofischius'splaysLegendhasitthatitwasthalesStu

6、dythequestionoffindingashipatseaItwasdonecorrectlyataveryearlystageGreeceafewOneofthebigissuesthatheCARESaboutThatistodoublethecubeofacubeItissaidtohaveoriginatedsomewhereinthetempleThepriests;〃TheoracletoldthemAstatueofgodistwiceaslargeastheiroriginalon

7、eInitiallytheywerejustThinkofdoublingthesizeoftheoriginalimageButthentheyrealizedthatitwaseighttimesbiggerthantheoriginalThisismorethangodIt'smuchmoreexpensivetoaskforSotheysentanenvoytoseePlatoIsthereanyoneinhisschoolgardenCansolvetheproblemThegeometric

8、iansacceptedtheproblemForcenturiesAnditcamewiththepropertyAlotofamazingresultsTheproblemis,ofcourse,thecuberootof2Thesquarerootof2isthefirstirrationalnumbertobediscoveredThisirrationalnumberisknownbytheearlyPythagoreansWor

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