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1、英语句子成分-宾语讲解什么是宾语?作者:admin来源:网络文章 时间:2016-06-15句子中,表示谓语动词动作对象的成分叫宾语,宾语是动作的承受着。英语中,及物动词(或相当于及物动词的短语动词)、介词后须带宾语,少数形容词后也可以带宾语。可以担任宾语的有:名词、代词、数词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词、名词化的形容词以及从句(宾语从句)等。(1)、名词Iamreadingabook.名词作动词read的宾语。)I'mgoingtoBeijingwithmyfather.(名词作介词with的宾语。)Wecouldn'tfinishtheworkwithouthishelp.
2、(同上)Inthepast,manyparentscouldn'taffordeducationfortheirchildren.(2)、代词Yesterday,Tom'motherlookedafterhimathome.(代词宾格him作短语动词lookafter的宾语。)Pleaselookitupinthedictionary.(代词宾格it作短语动词lookup的宾语)Ihavesomethingtotellyou.(不定代词短语作动词have的宾语)Whatwouldyoulike?(疑问代词作动词like的宾语。)Yesterdaymyfatherboughtme
3、anewbike.(分别作动词bought的间接宾语和直接宾语)Wegotlostandcouldn'tfindeachother.(反身代词)(3)、数词Givemethree,please!(数词作直接宾语。)(4)、动词不定式(短语)Iliketoplaybasketball.(作动词的宾语。)Gladtomeetyou.(作形容词的宾语。)Nicetoseeyouagain!(同上)I'msorrytotroubleyou.(同上)Ithinkitimpossibletoclimbthemountain.(it作形式宾语,动词不定式短语作真正宾语。)Idon'twant
4、tothereagain.Ireallylike/hatetogoshopping.(5)、动名词(短语)Ienjoylisteningtomusicverymuch.(作动词的宾语)Nicemeetingyouheretoday!(作形容词nice的宾语)(6)、形容词Wemusthelpthepoor.(作动词的宾语)Thenewalwaystakesplaceoftheold.(作介词of的宾语)(7)、宾语从句Heknowswhoisright.(作动词的宾语)Iwanttoknowwhatcolorisherfavorite.(作动词不定式toknow宾语)I'msu
5、rethatshe'llcomesoon.(作形容词sure的宾语)I'mthinkingofwhereIshouldgoduringthevacation.(作介词of的宾语)△几个常见加the后可以名词化的形容词是:poor,rich,young,old,happy,blind,beautiful等。△宾语从句应特别注意的三要素是:时态、语序、连接词。△少数能跟宾语的形容词有:happy,glad,nice,sure,certain,surprised,pleased,aware,afraid,proud,sorry,worried,ashamed等。△直接宾语和间接宾语:
6、英语中,一些及物动词如:give,pass,show,send,bring,tell,teach,buy,lend等,可以带两个宾语。一个指人,叫间接宾语;一个指物,叫直接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如果放在其后,则间接宾语前一般加介词to,以表示动作对准谁;或加介词for,以表示动作为谁做。例如:Hegavemeaninterestingbook.=Hegiveaninterestingbooktome.Pleasebringmesomesnacks.=Pleasebringsomesnackstome.Mothertoldmeastorylastnight.=Mo
7、thertoldastorytomelastnight.MyuncleoftenteachesmeEnglishsongs.=MyuncleoftenteachesEnglishsongstome.Jimboughtmeabeautifulpresent.=Jimboughtabeautifulpresentforme.如果直接宾语是代词,则必须放在间接宾语之前,并且在二者之间加上介词to或for。例如:Giveittome,Lily.不能说Givemeit,Lily.Theretwopen