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1、本科生毕业论文本科毕业论文（20届）年产150万吨中东原油常压塔设计专业：化学工程与工艺1本科生毕业论文摘要原油常压蒸馏作为原油加工的一次加工工艺，在原有加工流程中占有很重要的作用，其运行的好坏直接影响到整个原油加工的过程。而在蒸馏加工的过程中最重要的分离设备就是常压塔。因此，常压塔的设计好坏对能否获得高效益，高品质的成品油有着直接的影响。本次设计的常压塔是原油炼制工艺过程的中期塔设备。设计时要考虑实际要求，遵循塔设备的设计原则，主要有总体结构设计，零部件结构设计，参数设计，和设计实施这几个过程。在这个不断设计过程
2、中，可供评估的方案越多，评估体系越完善，最终确定的设计方案越理想。本设计的基本过程：第一章主要阐述了设计的背景和常压塔的基本知识；第二章是从各环节进行了设计和计算；第三章及后面主要讲了对已设计的方案进行校核，对各部件的选型，换热流程。[关键词]：原油；常压蒸馏；物料衡算；热量衡算；塔；换热1本科生毕业论文AbstractThetowerequipmentisonekindofcommonprocessequipment.Intheprocessindustrialproductionithasanimportant
3、impacttotheproductionefficiency,theenergyusefactor,theenvironmentalprotectionandsoon.Astheprocessindustryispivotaltonationaleconomy'sdevelopmentfunction,wemusttakeseriouslythetowerequipment'sresearch.Itslifecyclecontainsthedesign,manufacture,installationandmai
4、ntenance,andotheraspects.Design-led,itsadvantagesanddisadvantages,bothimpactthefollowingprocess.Thedesignofthetoweristheearly-runoilrefiningprocessofpre-towerequipment.Whendesignwemustconsidertorequestactual,tofollowthetowerequipment'sprincipleofdesign,whichex
5、periencethedemandanalysis,thegoallimits,thegrossstructuredesign,thesparepartstructuraldesign,theparameterdesignandthedesignimplementstheseprocesses.Inthisunceasingdecision-making'sprocess,maysupplytheappraisaltheplantobemore,theappraisalsystemtobemoreperfect,d
6、eterminedfinallythedesignproposalismoreideal.Thesuccessprocessequipmentdesignmustfinallybalancethreeaspectrequests.Theinstructtionbooklethasreflectedthedesignunitprocess.Thefirstchaptermainlyelaboratedthedesignbackgroundandthetowerelementaryknowledge;Thesecond
7、chapterhascarriedonmachinery'sdesignandtheshapingfromthewholeandpartvariouslinks;Thethirdrulestotheplanwhichdesignshavecarriedoneachkindofloadthecomputationaswellastheexamination,theexaminationqualifiedcanprovethedesignproposaltherationality.[Keywords]:Oil;Atm
8、osphericdistillation;Materialbalance;Heatbalance;Tower;Heatexchange1本科生毕业论文目录中文摘要I英文摘要II1前言12产品方案及工艺流程32.1产品方案32.2工艺流程33工艺计算及说明43.1设计数据43.1.1已知数据43.1.2原油的实沸点及窄馏分数据43.2原油实沸点蒸馏曲线的绘制5
