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1、TEST62014年7月19日READINGPASSAGE1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.ComputerGamesforPreschoolers:Arintend09sResearchandDesignProcessDesigningcomputergamesforyoungchildrenisadauntingtaskforgameproducers,who,foralongtime,haveconcentratedonmore"'h
2、ardcore"gamefans.ThisarticlechroniclesthedesignprocessandresearchinvolvedincreatingNintendoDSforpreschoolgamers.AfterspeakingwithourproducerswhohaveakeeninterestindesigningfortheDS,wefinallyagreedonthreekeygoalsforourproject.First,tounderstandtherangeofphysicalandcognitiveabilitiesofpr
3、eschoolersinthecontextofhandheldsystemgameplay;second,tounderstandhowpreschoolgamersinteractwiththeDS,specificallyhowtheycontrolthedifferentformsofplayandgamemechanicsofferedbythegamespresentlyonthemarketforthisplatform:third,tounderstandtheexpectationsofpreschoolers'parentsconcerningt
4、hehandheldsystemsaswellasthepurchaseandplaycontextswithinwhichgameplayoccurs.Theteamoftheresearchdecidedthatin-homeethnographieswithpreschoolersandtheirfamilieswouldyieldcomprehensivedatabasewithwhichtogiveourproducersmoreinformationandinsights.sowestartbyconducting26in-homeethnographi
5、esinthreemarketsacrosstheUnitedStates:anEastcoasturban/suburbanarea,aWestcoasturban/suburbanarea,andaMidwestsuburban/ruralarea.Thesubjectsinthisstudyincluded15girlsand11boysrangingfrom3yearsand3monthsoldto5yearsand11monthsold.Also,becausepreviousresearchhadshowntheeffectsofoldersibling
6、songameplay(demonstrated,forexample,bymoreadvancedmotorcoordinationwhenusingacomputermouse),householdswereemployedtohaveacombinationofpreschoolerswithandwithoutelderpeers.Inordertounderstandboth"'experienced"and"new"preschoolusersoftheplatform,wedividedthesamplesothat13familiesownedatl
7、eastoneNimendoDSandtheothersdidnot.ForthosehouseholdsthatdidnotownaDS,onewasbroughttotheinterviewtorthekidtoplay.Thisallowedustoseeboththeinstinctiveandintuitivemovementsofthenewplayers(andofthemoreexperiencedplayerswhenplayingnewgames),aswellasthelearnedmovementsofthemoreexperienced
