THE WANKEL ROTARY ENGINE-竖排

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1、THEWANKELROTARYENGINE1ADifferentApproachtotheSpark-IgnitionEngine一种新的内燃机形式Thereciprocatinginternalcombustionenginehasservedmankindforoveracentury,andwillcontinuetodosofortheforeseeablefuture.TheWankelrotaryengine,amuchmorerecentdevelopment,issaidtohavebeenconc

2、eivedinitspresentformin1954(ref.2).Animplementationoftherotaryengineusedinthe1990MazdaRX-7automobileanditsturbochargerareshowninFigures7.1(a)and7.1(b).Asof1987,over1.5millionWankelengineshadbeenusedinMazdaautomobiles(ref.6).往复式内燃机已经为人类服务了超过一个世纪，在可预见的将来还将继续服务。W

3、ankel转子发动机这项新的发动机技术，诞生于1954年。转子发动机于1990年应用于马自达的RX-7汽车，其发动机与涡轮增压器见图7.1（a）和7.1（b）。到1987年，超过150万转子发动机应用在Mazda汽车中（参考文献6）。Therotaryenginehasahostofadvantagesthatmakeitaformidablecontenderforsomeofthetaskscurrentlyperformedbyreciprocatingengines.Thepistoninafourstro

4、ke-cyclereciprocatingenginemustmomentarilycometorestfourtimespercycleasitsdirectionofmotionchanges.Incontrast,themovingpartsinarotaryengineareincontinuousunidirectionalmotion.Higheroperatingspeeds,easeofbalancing,andabsenceofvibrationareafewofthebenefits.Thehi

5、ghoperatingspeedsallowtheenginetoproducetwiceasmuchpowerasareciprocatingengineofthesameweight.Ithassignificantlyfewerpartsandoccupieslessvolumethanareciprocatingengineofcomparablepower.转子发动机拥有很多同用途往复式发动机所不具备的优点。四冲程发动机中的活塞在一个工作循环中往复运动四次。相反，转子发动机中的运动件处于连续的单向运动，具

6、有运转速度高、易平衡、振动小等优点。高转速允许发动机产生两倍于同重量往复式发动机的功率。相同功率下，转子发动机比往复式发动机运动件数量显著减少、体积也更小。Withalltheseadvantages,whyaretheresofewWankelenginesinservice?Partoftheanswerliesinthereciprocatingengine.sremarkablesuccessinsomanyapplicationsanditscontinuingimprovementwithresearc

7、h.Whychangeagoodthing?Manufacturingtechniquesforreciprocatingenginesarewellknownandestablished,whereasproductionofrotaryenginesrequiressignificantlydifferenttooling.拥有如此多优势的转子发动机为什么应用的这么少？一部分原因是往复式发动机在许多领域已经取得成功应用而且其自身也在不断的改进。已经很好了为什么还要改变呢？往复式发动机的制造技术已经很成熟也很容易

8、建设，而制造转子发动机的却需要不同的工具。Itmustbeadmitted,however,thattherotaryenginehassomedrawbacks.AmajorproblemoftheWankelautomobileengineisthatitdoesnotquitemeasureuptothefueleconomyofsomeautomot