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1、1.E-CTranslation.（上海交大2005研，考试科目:英语水平考试）Definingthegleaning[tautologicalwithtodefine]of“happiness”isaperplexingproposition［〔口语〕事情，工作；家伙，/【逻辑学】命题；【修辞学】主题；【数学】定理(cf.proposal,topropose)o

2、

3、rev.thedefinitionofhappinessisaperplexingproposition.]:thebestonecandoistotrytosetsomeextremestot

4、heideaandthenworktowardsthemiddle.Tothinkofhappinessasachievingsuperiorityoverothers,livinginamansionmadeofmarble,havingawardrobewithhundredsofoutfits,will[lotosetthegreedyextreme・TothinkhappinessasthejoyofaholymanofIndiawilldotosetspiritualextreme・Hesitscompletelystill,contemplati

5、ngthenatureofreality,freeevenofhisownbody.Ifadmires

6、??admirers??]bringhimfood,heeatsit;ifnot,hestarves.Whyconcerned?Whatisphysicalistrivialtohim.Tocontemplateishisjoyandheachievescompletementalfocusthroughanincrediblydemandingdiscipline[修行,修真养性,训练，锻炼；磨炼；修养；教养。theaccomplishmentofwhi

7、chisitselfajoytohim.Isheahappyman?Perhapshishappinessisonlyanothersortofillusion.Butwhofromhim?Andwhodaresayitismorefalsethanhappinesspaidforthroughaninstallmentnstallments].Althoughtheholyman's【圣人】conceptofhappinessmayenjoyconsiderableprestigeintheOrient,Idoubt[ORdoubtabout/of]the

8、existenceofsuchmotionlesshappiness*Whatiscertainisthathispvayofhappinesswouldbetorturestoalmostanyone[almostall,nearlyall,orvirtuallyeveryone/anyone]of[orservetodefinetheorby]Westerntemperaments・Yettheseextremeswill[missout]stillarea[theboundary]withinwhich

9、wherejallofusmustfindsom

10、esortofbalance・Thoreau[索罗]hadhisownfirmsenseofthat[this]balance:saveonthepettyinordertospendontheessential.2.TranslatethepassageintoChinese.（北京大学2007研，考试科目：专业能力）Astrongcommonsense,whichitisnoteasytounseatordisturb,markstheEnglishmindforathousandyears:arudestrengthnewlyappliedtothou

11、ght,asofsailorsandsoldierswhohadlatelylearnedtoread・Theyhavenofancy,andneveraresurprisedintoacovertorwittyword,suchaspleasedtheAtheniansandItalians,andwasconvertibleintoafablenotlongafter;buttheydelightinstrongAdverbaswell,坚强地，冇力地，大大地,猛烈地。comeitstrong=goitstrong（俚语）大干,盲干,拼命干（Thatis

12、comingitratherstrong.太过分；非