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1、浅谈it作形式主语和形式宾语用法一、It用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。e.g.Itiswrongtotellalie.（说谎是错误的。）〔It为totellalie的形式主语）Itisnousearguingaboutit.（争吵是没用的。）（Il为arguingaboutit的形式主语）Itisuncertainwhowillcome.（谁要来还不确定。）（It为whowillcome的形式主语）It作形
2、式主语的常见句型：①It+be+形容词+todosth./doing/that....e.g.Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage・Itisuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk・（覆水难H攵。）Itwasreallysurprisingthatshemarriedamanlikethat.②It+be4-名词词组+doing/that....e.g.Itisnogoodtellinglies.（撒谎没好处。）Itisapitythatyoudidn^tgotoseethefilmyesterday・③It+be+
3、过去分词+that....该句型常见动词冇：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,etc.e.g.Itissaidthattheyhaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.ItisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld・Itwasreportedthatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.④It+seems/appears/happens等不
4、及物动词+that....e.g・Ilseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch・ItappearsthatTommightchangehismind.⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。e.g.Doesitmattermuchthattheywon'tcometomorrow?Isittruethathewillgoabroadnextweek?@It+takes+（sb.）+sometime+todosth.这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事'‘的句型，其屮it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（todosth.）,句型屮的sb.也可以省略。e
5、.g.Ittookmesometimetoreadthereadingmaterials.IttookhimfourteenhourstogotoNewZealandfromShanghaibyplane.HowlongdoesittakeyoutogotoBeijingfromQingdaobytrain?Iamnotsure,butIthinkittakesatleastninehourstogetthere.二、It用作形式宾语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子屮作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此
6、时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。下列四种情况须用it作形式宾语：①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在攵合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose等)；e.g.TheyfounditpleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.Idon9tfeelitdifficulttounderstandtheSpecialEnglish・Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.②某些表示“
7、喜、怒、哀、乐"的动词，如like,enjoy,love,hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g・IdonIlikeitthathe^ssolazy・Ihateitwhenmymotherasksmetoeateggs・③lhal引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；e.g・Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.Wouldyouseetoitthatshegetshomeearly?Heinsistedonitthathewasinnocent.
