曼昆经济学原理课后题答案2

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1、Chapter2/ThinkingLikeanEconomistF332Chapter2ThinkingLikeanEconomistTHINKINGLIKEANECONOMISTWHAT’SNEW:Therearenosignificantchangestothischapter.LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:Bytheendofthischapter,studentsshouldunderstand:Øhoweconomistsapplythemethodsofscience.Øhowassumptionsandmodelscanshedlightont

2、heworld.Øtwosimplemodels—thecircularflowandtheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.Øthedifferencebetweenmicroeconomicsandmacroeconomics.Øthedifferencebetweenpositiveandnormativestatements.Øtheroleofeconomistsinmakingpolicy.Øwhyeconomistssometimesdisagreewithoneanother.CONTEXTANDPURPOSE:Chap

3、ter2isthesecondchapterinathreechaptersectionthatservesastheintroductionofthetext.Chapter1introducedtenprinciplesofeconomicsthatwillberevisitedthroughoutthetext.Chapter2developshoweconomistsapproachproblemswhileChapter3willexplainhowindividualsandcountriesgainfromtrade.ThepurposeofChapt

4、er2istofamiliarizestudentswithhoweconomistsapproacheconomicproblems.Withpractice,theywilllearnhowtoapproachsimilarproblemsinthisdispassionatesystematicway.Theywillseehoweconomistsemploythescientificmethod,theroleofassumptionsinmodelbuilding,andtheapplicationoftwospecificeconomicmodels.

5、Studentswillalsolearntheimportantdistinctionbetweentworoleseconomistscanplay:asscientistswhenwetrytoexplaintheeconomicworldandaspolicymakerswhenwetrytoimproveit.Chapter2/ThinkingLikeanEconomistF33KEYPOINTS:1.Economiststrytoaddresstheirsubjectwithascientist’sobjectivity.Likeallscientist

6、s,theymakeappropriateassumptionsandbuildsimplifiedmodelsinordertounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Twosimpleeconomicmodelsarethecircular-flowdiagramandtheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.2.Thefieldofeconomicsisdividedintotwosubfields:microeconomicsandmacroeconomics.Microeconomistsstudydecisi

7、onmakingbyhouseholdsandfirmsandtheinteractionamonghouseholdsandfirmsinthemarketplace.Macroeconomistsstudytheforcesandtrendsthataffecttheeconomyasawhole.3.Apositivestatementisanassertionabouthowtheworldis.Anormativestatementisanassertionabouthowtheworldoughttobe.Wheneconomistsmakenorm