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1、JournalofPhysics:ConferenceSeriesPAPER•OPENACCESSUnderstandingtheeffectofhammeringprocessonthevibrationcharacteristicsofcymbalsTocitethisarticle:FKuratanietal2016J.Phys.:Conf.Ser.744012110Viewthearticleonlineforupdatesandenhancements.ThiscontentwasdownloadedfromIPaddress183.
2、158.90.254on07/08/2018at02:49MOVIC2016&RASD2016IOPPublishingJournalofPhysics:ConferenceSeries744(2016)012110doi:10.1088/1742-6596/744/1/012110Understandingtheeffectofhammeringprocessonthevibrationcharacteristicsofcymbals11234FKuratani,TYoshida,TKoide,TMizutaandKOsamura1Depar
3、tmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofFukui,3-9-1Bunkyo,Fukui910-8507,Japan2KoideWorks,Ltd.(KoideCymbals),1-22-32Kamisyoukakuji,Hirano-ku,Osaka547-0006,Japan3OsakaAlloyingWorks,Co.,Ltd.,45-5-9Shirakata,Fukui910-3138,Japan4ResearchInstituteforAppliedSciences,Sakyo-ku,Kyoto
4、606-8202,JapanE-mail:kuratani@mech.u-fukui.ac.jpAbstract.Cymbalsarethindomedplatesusedaspercussioninstruments.Whencymbalsarestruck,theyvibrateandradiatesound.Cymbalsaremadethroughspinforming,hammering,andlathing.Thespinformingcreatesthebasicshapeofthecymbal,whichdeterminesit
5、sbasicvibrationcharacteristics.Thehammeringandlathingproducespecificsoundadjustmentsbychangingthecymbal’svibrationcharacteristics.Inthisstudy,westudyhowhammeringcymbalsaffectstheirvibrationcharacteristics.Thehammeringproducesplasticdeformation(small,shallowdents)onthecymbal’
6、ssurface,generatingresidualstressesthroughoutit.Theseresidualstresseschangethevibrationcharacteristics.Weperformfiniteelementanalysisofacymbaltoobtainitsstressdistributionandtheresultingchangeinvibrationcharacteristics.Toreproducethestressdistribution,weusethermalstressanaly
7、sis,andthenwiththisstressdistributionweperformvibrationanalysis.Theseresultsshowthateachofthecymbal’smodeshasadifferentsensitivitytothethermalload(i.e.,hammering).Thisdifferencecauseschangesinthefrequencyresponseandthedeflectionshapethatsignificantlyimprovesthesoundradiation
8、efficiency.Inaddition,weexplainthechangesinnaturalfrequenciesbythestressand
