激光技术与生命科学

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1、2021/10/71激光与生命科学浙江大学物理学系陆璇辉教授http://physics.zju.edu.cn/gp2021/10/72激光的发展历史自从1960年Maiman发明世界上第一台红宝石激光器以来，激光在科学研究和高科技方面已经发展出许多分支，并已渗透到我们的日常生活。激光在基础科学研究、工业加工、IT领域、医疗和军事领域都有广泛的应用。2021/10/73激光是20世纪最重大的发明之一2021/10/742004－2009年全球激光市场的销售收入2021/10/751917Einstein'streatmentofstimula

2、tedemission.1951DevelopmentofthemaserbyC.H.Townes.Themaserisbasicallythesameideaasthelaser,onlyitworksatmicrowavefrequencies.1958ProposalbyC.H.TownesandA.L.Schawlowthatthemaserconceptcouldbeextendedtoopticalfrequencies.1960T.H.MaimanatHughesLaboratoriesreportsthefirstlaser:

3、thepulsedrubylaser.1961Thefirstcontinuouswavelaserisreported(theheliumneonlaser).2021/10/76激光问世以来九次为诺贝尔奖增添光彩1964NicolayBasov,CharlieTownesandAleksandrProkhorovgettheNobelprizefor“fundamentalworkinthefieldofquantumelectronics,whichhasledtotheconstructionofoscillatorsandampli

4、fiersbasedonthemaser-laserprinciple.”1971DennisGabor"forhisinventionanddevelopmentoftheholographicmethod"1981ArtSchalowandNicolaasBloembergengettheNobelPrizefor“theircontributiontothedevelopmentoflaserspectroscopy”2021/10/77最近十年中，激光六次为诺贝尔奖增添光辉1997StevenChu,ClaudeCohen-Tanno

5、udjiandWilliamD.PhillipsgettheNobelPrizefor“developmentofmethodstocoolandtrapatomswithlaserlight.”1999AhmedH.Zewail,"forhisstudiesofthetransitionstatesofchemicalreactionsusingfemtosecondspectroscopy"2000ZhoresI.Alferov，HerbertKroemer,"fordevelopingsemiconductorheterostructu

6、resusedinhigh-speed-andopto-electronicsJack”,S.Kilby,"forhispartintheinventionoftheintegratedcircuit"2021/10/782001EricA.Cornell,WolfganKetterle,carlE.Wieman,fortheachievementofBose-Einsteincondensationindilutegasesofalkaliatoms,andforearlyfundamentalstudiesofthepropertieso

7、fthecondensates2002JohnB.Fenn,KoichiTanaka,"fortheirdevelopmentofsoftdesorptionionisationmethodsformassspectrometricanalysesofbiologicalmacromolecules“,KurtWüthrich“forhisdevelopmentofnuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopyfordeterminingthethree-dimensionalstructureofbiologica

8、lmacromoleculesinsolution"2005Theprizeisbeingawardedwithonehalfto:ROYJ.GLAUBERforh