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1、HeatTreatingofNickelandNickelAlloysAbstract:Nickelandnickelalloysmaybesubjectedtooneormoreoffiveprincipaltypesofheattreatment,dependingonchemicalcomposition,fabricationrequirementsandintendedservice.Thesemethodsincludeannealing,stressrelieving,stressequalizing,solutiontreatingan
2、dagehardening.Nickelandnickelalloysmaybesubjectedtooneormoreoffiveprincipaltypesofheattreatment,dependingonchemicalcomposition,fabricationrequirementsandintendedservice.Thesemethodsinclude:·Annealing.Aheattreatmentdesignedtoproducearecrystallizedgrainstructureandsofteninginwork-
3、hardenedalloys.Annealingusuallyrequirestemperaturesbetween705and1205oC,dependingonalloycompositionanddegreeofworkhardening.·Stressrelieving. Aheattreatmentusedtoremoveorreducestressesinwork-hardenednon-age-hardenablealloyswithoutproducingarecrystalizedgrainstructure.Stress-relie
4、vingtemperaturesfornickelandnickelalloysfrom425to870oC,dependingonalloycompositionanddegreeofworkhardening.·Stressequalizing. Alow-temperatureheattreatmentusedtobalancestressesincoldworkedmaterialwithoutanappreciabledecreaseinthemechanicalstrengthproducedbycoldworking.·Solutiont
5、reating. Ahigh-temperatureheattreatmentdesignedtoputage-hardeningconstituentsandcarbidesintosolidsolution.Normallyappliedtoage-hardenablematerialsbeforetheagingtreatment.·Agehardening (precipitationhardening).Atreatmentperformedatintermediatetemperatures(425to870oC)oncertainallo
6、ysinordertodevelopmaximumstrengthbyprecipitationofadispersedphasethroughoutthematrix.AnnealingAsappliedtonickelandnickelalloys,annealingconsistsofheatingthemetalatapredeterminedtemperatureforadefinitetimeandthenslowlyorrapidlycoolingit,toproduceachangeinmechanicalproperties-usua
7、llyacompletesofteningasaresultofrecrystalization.Nickelandnickelalloysthathavebeenhardenedbycoldworkingoperations,suchasrolling,deepdrawing,spinningorseverebending,requiresofteningbeforecoldworkingcanbecontinued.Thethermaltreatmentthatwillproducethisconditionisknownasannealing,o
8、rsoftannealing.Thedifferencesinchemicalcomposit
