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1、名词性从句NounClauses一.基础定义和连接词1.名词性从句：就是在句子中起名词作用的从句。2.名词性从句包括4种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。[判断]以下从句类型：1）ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.()2）Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.()3)Thathewillcomeiscertain.()4)Iknowthathewillcome.()3.名词性从句的连接词有：从属连词（不
2、做成分）：that（无意义）,whether,if（是否）….连接代词（在从句中做主，宾，表，定）：what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever连接副词（在从句中做状语）：when,where,how,why二.名词性从句位置和特点l主语从句：1.可直接放在句首。2.主语较长时通常用It作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。1).heknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.2).surprisedmewastoseehimhere.3)heiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.4)Itremainsa
3、secrettheyclimbedupthemountain.l宾语从句：可做动词,介词和部分（表情感态度的）形容词词的宾语。Iwanttoknowwhenwewillstart.Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.I’mafraid(that)Ihavemadeamistake.注意：如果宾语从句后面有宾补要使用it作形式宾语而将从句放到宾补后面。常见的可以接it形式宾语的动词有：make,think,find,feel,consider等Hemadeitclearthathewasdeterminedtoresign.Ithou
4、ghtitstrangethathedidn’tcallme.l表语从句：l1.位于系动词动词之后。常见此类系动词有be，look，seem,appear等Itseemsthatshehasknownthetruth.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Thisschoolisnolongerwhatitwasbefore.2.主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，不用because引导。Thereasonforhisabsencewashewasill.3.表语从句可以用asif,asthough,和because引导e.g.Itseemedasifh
5、ehaddonesomethinggreat.Thatisbecausehehasgotlost.4.注意下面句型的习惯译法：ThisiswhereLuXunoncelived.Thatwashowtheywonthematch.Thisiswhyshegotupsoearlythismorning.l同位语从句：1.位于名词之后，通常为含义，概念名词，解释说明它的含义和内容。这样的名词有：belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,problem,information,opinion,promise,truth,suggestion…
6、2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1）从意义上讲前者对名词加以补充说明，后者对名词加以修饰和限定。2）同位语从句的引导词不可省略，定语从句的引导词有时可省略。3）同位语从句的引导词that在从句中不充当任何成分，定语从句的引导词在从句中必须充当一定成分。判断下面从句类型：Wewereexcitedaboutthenews(that)hehadtoldus.()Wewereexcitedaboutthenewsthathehadpassedtheexam.()Thefactthattheyoungmanhadbeenaprisonerastonishedher.()Thefacttha
7、twasunbelievableastonishedeveryone.()Thequestionwhohelpedusoutofdifficultyremainstobeanswered.()Thequestionwhichheaskedremainstobeanswered.()三.名词性从句的主要考点1.名词性从句要用陈述语序。尤其是含疑问意义的wh-类的词引出的从句要倍加注意。e.g.Whywasshecrying?Idon’tknowwhyhewascryin
