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ID:39780355
大小:336.08 KB
页数:38页
时间:2019-07-11
《Preference for ridistribution 》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、PreferencesforRedistribution∗AlbertoAlesinaandPaolaGiulianoHarvardUniversityandUCLAJune2008RevisedJanuary2009AbstractThispaperdiscusseswhatdeterminesthepreferencesofindividualsforredistribution.Wereviewthetheoreticalliteratureandprovideaframe-worktoincorporatevariouseffectspreviouslystud
2、iedseparatelyintheliterature.WethenexamineempiricalevidencefortheUS,usingtheGen-eralSocialSurvey,andforalargesetofcountries,usingtheWorldValuesSurvey.Thepaperreviewspreviouslyfoundresultsandprovidesseveralnewones.Weemphasize,inparticular,theroleofhistoricalexperiences,culturalfactorsand
3、personalhistoryasdeterminantsofpreferencesforequalityortoleranceforinequality.1IntroductionEconomiststraditionallyassumethatindividualshavepreferencesdefinedovertheirlifetimeconsumption(income)andmaximizetheirutilityunderasetofconstraints.Thesameprincipleappliestopreferencesforredistribu
4、tion.Itfollowsthatmaximizationofutilityfromconsumptionandleisureandsomeaggregationofindividualpreferencesdeterminestheequilibriumleveloftaxesandtransfers.1Notetheinter-temporalnatureofthismaximizationproblem:preferencesforredistributiondependnotonlyonwherepeoplearetodayintheincomeladder
5、butalsoonwheretheythinktheywillbeinthefutureifredistributivepoliciesarelong-lasting.Thelevelofinequalityofasocietymayaffectsomeindividuals’incomein-directly.Forinstancethelevelofinequalitymayaffectcrimeandsomepeoplemaybemoreorlesssubjecttotheriskofcriminalactivities.But,inaddition,individ
6、ualshaveviewsregardingredistributionthatgobeyondthecurrentandfuturestatesoftheirpocketbooks.Theseviewsreflectdifferentideasabout∗PreparedfortheHandbookofSocialEconomics.WethankDavidLaibson,RomainWacziargand,especially,AlbertoBisinforveryusefulcommentsandsuggestions.1SeePerssonandTabellini
7、(2002)andDrazen(2002)forabroadreviewofpoliticaleco-nomicmodels.1whatanappropriateshapeoftheincomedistributionis:inpractice,viewsaboutacceptablelevelsofinequalityand/orpoverty.Explainingtheoriginoftheseideas(whicheventuallytranslateintopoliciesviasomemechanismofaggregationofpref
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