电动公交车充电电源设计

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1、摘要摘要随着能源的日渐紧缺和大气污染的日益加剧，石油资源的战略位置越来越重要，与此同时世界各国都在寻找可替代能源。汽车业的发展给环境带来了不小的危害，新能源领域受到广泛的关注，尤其是电动汽车业已经成为崭新的方向。如何选择充电方法和对充电过程进行有效控制，提高充电效率，保证充电过程快速安全是本文研究的内容。本文的研究主要包括以下几个方面[1]：电池充电主要采用三个阶段充电模式：多段恒流充电模式、脉冲充电模式、定电压补足充电模式。在充电电池电量的监测方面，采用监测电池电压负增量的方法，同时监测温度和电压信号。用PID控制保证恒流恒压充电。用IGBT器件实现充电开

2、关控制。本系统实现大功率恒流恒压快速充电，采用现代高频开关技术。主电路由三部分组成：三相整流电路、直流-直流变换电路、能量回馈电路。通过采集电压电流等信号，实时送入DSP中进行处理，通过控制IGBT的通断，实现充电控制。采集各重要器件的温度等信号，做到实时监测，保证系统稳定运行。关键词：镍氢蓄电池，DSP，智能充电，软开关IAbstractAbstractWiththeshortageofsourcesandmoreworseningairpollution,wepaymoreattentionabouttheresearchingofEV(electric

3、vehicle)anewmeansoftransportation,weusemoreandmoreLead-acidbatteriesinEV,becauseofit'snoremembereffect,goodperformanceinoverchargeordischarge.TheprocessofbatterieschargeanddischargeInfluentthereliabilityofthesystem.SodesignareliablychargingsystemisimportantforEVInordertomakeEVcharg

4、erhavegoodperformance,wemusttofindthebestchargingmodel.Howtochoosethemethodofchargingprocessandhowtocontrolthechargingprocess,improvetheefficiency,andensuretheprocessrapidlyandsafetyisthecontentofthispaper.Thestudyofthispaperincludesthefollowingaspects：Basedontheanalysisofthechargi

5、ngtheorybroughtandtheinvestigationofmanychargingmethods,atwo-stagechargingstrategywasbroughtforward.Attheformerstageofcharging,thefastchargingmethodwasusedwhichisthecombinationofmufti-sectionconstant-currentchargingmethodwithpulsantchargingmethod.Basedontheanalysisofmanecharge-term

6、inationcontrolmethods,anintegratedcontrolmethodwasadoptedtojudgewhetherbatterieswasfull-chargeornot.AndanimprovedPIDcontrolalgorithmwasusedtorealizetheconstant-currentchargingandtheconstant-voltagecharging.GroundontheHFSPS(High-FrequencySwitchingPowerSupply),thechargingsystemwasdes

7、ignedwhichwascomposedofathree-phaserectifyingcell,aphase-shiftedzero-voltage-switchingPWMDC/DCfull-bridgecellandanenergyrecoverycell.IntheDC/DCcell,IGBT(IsolatedGateBipolarTransistor)wasselectedastheswitchthatwasdrivenbyEXB841module.AndthechargingcontrolsystemwasbasedonTMS320F2812c

8、hip,whichcanproducecontrol