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1、农业环境科学学报2009,28(3):485-489JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience共存阳离子(Ca、Zn、K)对土壤镉有效性的影响1,22121宋正国,徐明岗,丁永祯,孙楠,唐世荣(1.农业部环境保护科研监测所农业部产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室,天津300191;2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部植物营养与养分循环重点开放实验室,北京100081)摘要:采用盆栽与吸附试验,研究了镉污染赤红壤上,施用相同摩尔浓度的钙、钾与锌对小油菜生物量、镉吸收量及土壤镉吸附的影响。结果表明,低和高镉污染赤红壤上,施用锌明显增加小油菜地上部生物量,较对
2、照分别增产21.1%和7.82%。不同阳离子(钠、钙、钾和锌离子)共存改变土壤吸附镉能力的程度不同,与钠体系相比,钙、钾和锌体系中土壤镉吸附量分别降低65.6%、72.0%和96.9%,共存离子降低土壤镉吸附量的次序为锌离子>钾离子和钙离子,锌离子的影响最为明显。高镉污染赤红壤上,钙和钾使小油菜吸镉量分别增加5.5%和14.4%,低于低镉污染赤红壤上钙和钾使小油菜吸镉的增加量(分别为16.6%和19.6%);锌明显降低小油菜吸镉量,高和低镉污染赤红壤上,较对照分别减少45.8%和35.0%。3种阳离子与镉共存时,对土壤镉生物有效性的影响差异取决于竞争吸附与竞争吸收的大小,其机制有待进一步
3、探讨。关键词:镉;共存离子;小油菜;赤红壤;有效性中图分类号:X53文献标志码:A文章编号:1672-2043(2009)03-0485-05EffectofCoexistenceCations(Ca,Zn,K)onCadmiumBioavailabilityinLateriticRedSoilsSONGZheng-guo1,2,XUMing-gang2,DINGYong-zhen1,SUNNan2,TANGShi-rong1(1.InstituteofEnvironmentalProtection,MinistryofAgricultureofChina,KeyLaboratoryof
4、ProductionEnvironmentandAgro-ProductSafety,Tianjin300191,China;2.InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandRegionalPlanning,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,KeyLaboratoryofPlantNutritionandNutrientCycling,MinistryofAgricultureofChina,Beijing100081,China)Abstract:Existenceofdifferentcationsinsoilsmay
5、changephytoavailabilityofcadmium.Theobjectiveofthisstudywastoinvestigatehowandtowhatextentcoexistencecations(Ca,Zn,K)affectedthebioavailabilityofCd.Potandsorptionexperimentswerecarriedouttoinvesti-gateeffectsofdifferentcations(Ca,Zn,K)appliedtolateriticredsoiltogetherwithcadmiumonrapebiomassandre
6、latedCduptakebyrape,andaswellassorptionofcadmium.TheresultsshowedthattherewassignificantinfluenceonrapegrowthunderappliedZn.Rapebiomassincreasedby21.1%and7.82%,comparedtothecontrolsunderlowandhighcontaminationoflateriticredsoilrespectively.Effectofcations(Ca,Zn,K)oncapabilityofadsorptionofCdwassi
7、gnificant.ThesorptionamountofCddecreasedby65.6%,96.9%,and72.0%comparedtosingleNasystem,respectively.ThecapacityforreleasingCdfromsoilparticlesdecreasedinthefollowingorder:Zn>K>Ca.ZinccouldreducethemostofCdadsorptionamo