资源描述：
《虚拟语气语法讲座》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、虚拟语气一． 虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的应用。虚拟条件是相对于真实条件而言的。如果假设的条件有可能发生或发生的可能性很大，就用真实条件句；反之，则用虚拟条件句。如：If you don’t mind, I’ll turn on the radio. (I’m going to turn on the radio, if you agree.)真实条件句 If I were you, I would do it some other way. (I’m not you, so I can’t do it some other way.)虚拟条件句。1． 虚拟
2、从句与主句的谓语构成。（1）. 一般时态下的虚拟语气句子的谓语构成；从句谓语：系动词be一律用were；行为动词一律用过去式主句谓语：would; could; might; should + 动词原形If I knew the truth, I would tell you.If I were you, I would receive his invitation.If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk.（2）. 与过去事实相反的假设从句谓语：had +过去分词主句谓语：should;
3、would; might; would + have +过去分词If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. If I had more time, I would have finished my work.You could have done better if you had been more careful.（3）. 与未来事实相反的假设从句谓语：should; were to +动词原形主句谓语：should; would; might; cou
4、ld +动词原形If you should fail, what would you do?If you should encounter with any inconvenience, please don’t hesitate to let us know.If you were to try again, you might succeed.If the cover should have a crack in it, the harmful gas would come out and cause pollution.注：1. 主句中第一人称用shou
5、ld，也可以用would，第二、第三人称只用would。 要表达“能够”情态意义时，主句中要用could；要表达“可能”情态意义时，主句要用might。 2. If引导的含有were, should, had 的从句， if若省略， 从句中的were, should, had前置，构成部分倒装，但部分谓语提前的话，否定词不能提前。Ex. Had it not been for the reservoir we’d never been able to beat the drought. Had she been given some
6、 hints, she could have answered the questions.2. 错综时间虚拟条件句主句与从句所指的时间不一致，例如从句是过去的假设，而主句是现在的结果，或者相反，等等，这时就要按照各自表示的时间来调整动词的形式。如：1. If I had a bike, I would have lent it to you yesterday. 2. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better. 3. If h
7、e had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.3．含蓄虚拟条件句有时句中并未出现引导的条件句从句，其假设情况是用以下的几种情况来表示或暗示的。（1）. 介词短语 Ex. I could not have fulfilled the task without your help. But for air and water, nothing could live. In different circumstances, I woul
8、d have said yes.
