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1、2008年第3卷生态毒理学报Vol.3,2008第3期,280−285AsianJournalofEcotoxicologyNo.3,280−285除草剂西玛津对非洲爪蟾生存和性腺发育的影响1,222221,*李焕婷，秦占芬，秦晓飞，夏晞娟，徐晓白，马保华1.西北农林科技大学动物医学院，杨凌7121002.中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室，北京100085摘要：为了研究三嗪类除草剂西玛津对两栖动物非洲爪蟾(Xenopuslaevis)生存和性腺发育的毒性作用，并且与另一种三嗪类除草剂阿特拉津的毒性进行比较，将非洲爪蟾从46/47阶段开始暴露西玛津和阿特拉津
2、到变态1个月后停止，再饲养2个月后将其解剖，取性腺做形态学和组织学观察.暴露期间，每天记录蝌蚪的生长发育情况和存活率.结果显示，在暴露的第1周内(蝌蚪处于46~50阶段)，西玛津可导致蝌蚪死亡率明显升高，随后的时间内西玛津对非洲爪蟾的生存不再有明显影响，但却使发育阶段明显的不整齐.阿特拉津对非洲爪蟾的生存和发育则没有明显影响.西玛津和阿特拉津对非洲爪蟾性腺的总体形态和性别比没有明显影响，然而两种除草剂均在一定程度上导致了睾丸组织学的改变.西玛津可能与阿特拉津一样能够通过雌性化/去雄性化作用影响非洲爪蟾睾丸的发育.关键词：毒性；西玛津；非洲爪蟾；存活率；性腺；内分泌干扰；阿特拉津文章编
3、号：1673-5897(2008)3-280-06中图分类号：X592文献标识码：AEffectsoftheHerbicideSimazineontheSurvivalandGonadalDevelopmentofAfricanClawedFrogs(Xenopuslaevis)1,222221,*LIHuan-ting,QINZhan-fen,QINXiao-fei,XIAXi-juan,XUXiao-bai,MABao-hua1.CollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling7121002.StateKeyL
4、aboratoryofEnvironmentalChemistryandEcotoxicology,ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100085Received12March2008accepted10April2008Abstract:ThetoxicityoftheherbicidesimazinetothesurvivalandgonadaldevelopmentofamphibianXenopuslaevisweredeterminedandcomparedw
5、iththeeffectsofatrazine.X.laeviswereexposedtosimazineoratrazineinwaterfromNieuwkoopandFaber(NF)stage46/47toonemonthpostmetamorphosis.Followedbyanothertwomonthswithoutexposure,thegonadsoffrogswereexaminedingrossmorphologyandhistology.Duringtheexposureperiod,thegrowthandsurvivaloffrogswererecorde
6、deveryday.Resultsshowedthat,atthefirstweekofexposure,simazineinducedhighermortalityatstage46~50,andhadnoeffectonthesurvivalinthefollowingperiodbutcausedalackofsynchronicityindevelopmentstage.AtrazinehadnotoxicitytothesurvivalandgrowthofX.laevis.Simazineaswellasatrazinedidnotaffectgrossgonadalmo
7、rphologyandthesexratio.However,simazineaswellasatrazineinducedhistologicdegenerationoftestistosomedegree.Theresultssuggestedthatsimazineaswellasatrazinemighthavethepotentialtoimpairtesticulardevelopmentbyfeminizing/demasculinizing
