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1、TheTrialThatRockedtheWorldPart1Generalintroduction1.abouttheauthor:JohnScopes(1900——1970)onceaschool-teacherinDayton,Tennessee.Principleofthe“MonkeyTrial”.Laterbecameageologistforanoilcompany.2.Backgroud:⑴Foranumberofyearsaclashhadbeenbuildingupbetweent
2、hefundamentalist(基要主义者)andthemodernists(现代主义者).③⑵fundamentalismwasstronginTennessee,andthestatelegislaturehadpassedalawprohibitingtheteachingof“anytheorythatdeniesthestoryofcreationastaughtintheBible”④⑶TheexitsofDarwin’sevolution.⑷JohnScopestaughtthestu
3、dentsevolution.3.abouttheaffair1、Reason:JohnScopestaughtthestudentsevolutionwhichwasconsideredagainstthelaw.2、Time:July10,19253、Place:AcourtinDayton,Tennessee.4、Conflicts:CharactersClarenceDarrow(counsel,lawyer)Malone(Catholic,counsel)Hays(Jew,counsel)G
4、eorgeRappelyea(engineer)KirtleyMather(Professor,scientist)VSWilliamJenningsBryan（orator）JohnButler(farmer)TomStewart(lawyer,attorney-general)12jurors(陪审团成员),threehadneverreadanybookexcepttheBible.Onecouldn'treadPointofviews⒈AcceptedthetheoryadvancedbyCh
5、arles⒈Theyareadheretoaliteralinterpretationofthe5Darwin——allanimallifehadevolvedfromacommonancestor.③⒉ThereasonwhyJohnScopeswasaccusedisignoranceandbigotryarerampant.⒀⒊IfsonooneWoulddaretobringanyintelligenceandenlightensandculturetothehumanmind.⒁⒋Thetr
6、uthiseternalAndneedsnohumanagencytosupportit.(24)OldTestament(圣约书)③⒉Mancamefromabove.(20)⒊”TheBible”isnotgoingtobedrivenoutfromthiscourtbyexperts.(21)5.Result:Thetrailturnedtobea“victoriousdefeat”.Theverdictwasguilty.JohnScopeswasfined100dollarsandcosts
7、.HewasofferedhisteachingjobbackbuthedeclinedandhegotscholarshiptotheUniversityofChicago.6.Influences:Sincethetrial,theschoolsandlegislativeofficesoftheUnitedStateshavedeeplyaffected,andtheintellectualandacademicfreedomhasgrown.Basedonthetrialthebusiness
8、manmadeagreatprofit.(10,26)7.Whytheauthorssaythetrialrockedtheworld?⒈HotMediaattention:Forthefirsttimeinhistorytobroadcastajurytrial,Morethan100reporterswereonhand,andevenradioannouncers.(2),and22telegraphersweresendingout165,000
