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1、第三十卷第六期地球学报Vol.30No.6二○○九年十二月:717-731ActaGeoscienticaSinicaDec.2009:717-731www.cagsbulletin.comwww.地球学报.com大陆漂移,板块构造,地质力学赵文津中国地质科学院,北京100037摘要:本文简要地介绍了魏格纳大陆漂移说的主要内容及其提出的依据;论述了在大陆漂移说的基础上,由于海洋地质地球物理调查发现了大洋中脊、洋底扩张,解释了大陆张裂的机制,并建立了全球板块构造理论,形成现代地学思想的革命;李四光在大陆漂移说提出的同时已在积极地探讨和论述大陆
2、地壳水平运动问题,并结合中国大陆实际,发展了陆内碰撞变形理论,即包括全球大陆构造体系在内的地质力学理论和方法。他强调地质力学是一支脚站在地质上,另一支脚站在力学上来研究地壳运动和变形现象。后来更扩大了其在资源、环境方面的应用。文章对魏格纳大陆漂移说、全球板块构造理论及地质力学三者的关系做了深入探讨,论述了李四光地质力学理论方法的现代意义、超前意义,提出要重视和发扬李四光留给中国人民的宝贵遗产,建议深入学习李四光的著述,结合地质调查新成果去丰富它和发展它。关键词:大陆漂移;板块构造;地质力学;李四光中图分类号:P55;P541文献标志码:A文
3、章编号:1006-3021(2009)06-717-15ContinentalDrift,PlateTectonicsandGeomechanicsZHAOWin-jinChineseAcademyofGeologicalSciences,Beijing100037Abstract:ThispaperbrieflydescribesthemajorcontentandbasisofWegener’scontinentaldrifthypothesisanddealswiththefactthat,duetothediscoveryofthe
4、mid-oceanridgeandtheoceanfloorexpansionduringthegeo-logicalandgeophysicalsurveyonthebasisofthecontinentaldrifthypothesis,researchershaveexplainedthemechanismofcontinentaltensionalfaultingandestablishedtheglobalplatetectonictheory,thusresultingintherevolutionofmoderngeoscie
5、ncethinking.Simultaneouslywiththeemergenceofthecontinentaldrifthypothesis,LiSiguangactivelyapproachedanddealtwiththeproblemofcontinentalcrusthorizontalmovementand,incom-binationwiththerealityofChina’smainland,developedthetheoryofintracontinentalcollisiondeformation,i.e.,th
6、egeomechanictheoryandmethodthatincludedtheglobalcontinentaltectonicsystem.LiSiguangemphasizedthatgeomechanicsstudiesthephenomenaofcrustalmovementanddeformationonthebasisofgeologyononesideandmechanicsontheotherside.Later,heextendedtheapplicationofgeomechanicstotheaspectsofr
7、e-sourcesandenvironment.ThispapermakesathoroughdiscussionontherelationshipsbetweenWegener’sconti-nentaldrifthypothesis,globalplatetectonictheoryandgeomechanics,expoundsthepracticalsignificanceandfore-sightsignificanceofLiSiguang’sgeomechanictheoryandmethodandputsforwardthe
8、suggestionthatweshouldattachgreatimportancetoandcarryforwardthevaluableheritagesthatLisig
