汉译英词和短语的翻译

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1、汉译英：词和短语的翻译CONTENTS词汇—短语—句子定语结构的转换词的翻译葡萄grape；葡萄干raisin酿酒厂brewery炼油厂refinery宗教religion；邪教cult鸟bird，小鸟fledgling老虎tiger，虎崽cub洒水车sprinkler；垃圾车garbagetruck会座谈会symposium；博览会expo；记者招待会pressconference;newsrelease；人才招聘会jobfair贸易洽谈会tradefair表履历表Resume病历表Casehistoryform时间表Tim

2、etable日程表Schedule价格表Pricelist馆：博物馆museum图书馆library旅馆hotel宾馆guesthouse大使馆embassy领事馆consulate茶馆teahouse饭馆restaurant理发馆barber’sshop体育馆gymnasium展览馆exhibitionhall文化馆culturalcenter美术馆artgallery科技馆scienceandtechnologycenter/museum天文馆planetarium照相馆photostudio化经济全球化economicg

3、lobalization经济法制化manageeconomicaffairswithinalegalframework国际关系民主化thepracticeofdemocracyininternationalrelations科研成果产业化applyscientificresearchresultstoindustrialproduction国民经济信息化buildaninformation-basednationaleconomy注意词汇的深层逻辑春运不能简单地说成是springtransportation(春季的运输)而是t

4、herush/peakseasonofpassengertransportationduringtheSpringFestival/ChineseNewYear(春节期间的客运高峰)请勿疲劳驾驶翻译成英语不是Don’tdrivetiredly按照交通法规术语应该翻译为Drowsydrivingisdangerous.或Drivealert,arrivealive以外贸为龙头不能直接翻译为withforeigntradeasthedragonhead，这样翻译是很难让外国人明白的，因为以……为龙头这个说法是源自耍龙灯的习俗，而多

5、数外国人不一定熟悉中国人的这一习俗。为了取得好的翻译效果，最好是用能够跨越文化障碍的表达方法，如火车头或旗舰：Withforeigntradeasthelocomotive（机车）/flagship.家庭经济情况不好economiccondition改为：financialcondition备课要做好三件事情：备学生，备教材，备教法。Preparingalecturerequiresdoingthreethingswell:gettingtoknowthestudents;arrangingsuitableteachingma

6、terial,andchoosingeffective(optimal)teachingmethods.定语结构的转换1)毛入学率thegrossenrollmentrate2）中央／地方财政预算thecentralandlocalbudgets３）关于发展九年义务教育的政策policiesconcernedwiththedevelopmentofthenine-yearcompulsoryeducation;(后置)thenine-yearcompulsoryeducationdevelopmentpolicies(前置)４

7、）科教兴国战略thestrategyofdevelopingthecountrybyrelyingonscienceandeducation;thestrategyofcountrydevelopmentbydevelopingscienceandeducation;thestrategyofgivingprioritytothedevelopmentofscienceandeducationforthedevelopmentofthecountry.５）国有资产管理、监督和运营机制themechanismformanagem

8、ent,supervisionandoperationofstate-ownedassets;(后置)thestateassetsmanagement,supervisionandoperationmechanism(前置)６）高新技术产业化示范工程high-techmode