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1、英语知识体系简介充足的词汇+语法+运用(听、说、读、写)词汇音义词性学好英语需要:语法词法句法:研究的对象是各种词的形式及其用法。:研究的对象是句子各个组成部分及其组成规律。英语词类的变化形式有:1名词、代词的数、格、性的变化。2形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化。3动词的人称、时态、语态和语气的变化。十大词类:noun,pronoun,adjective,adverb,numeral,verb,article,preposition,conjunction,interjection八种句子成分宾语补足语(objectcomplement
2、)主语(subject)谓语(predicate)表语(predicative)宾语(object)定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)同位语九种句子成分与词类的关系主语(subject):谓语(predicate):表语(predicative):宾语(object):是句子所要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体。(n.,pron.,todo,doingandthat-clause)句首说明主语所发出的动作或跟从的状态。(verbs)主语后表示主语的身分、状态或特征。(n.,pron.,adj.,adverbsforplace
3、s,prepositionalphrases,todo,doing,doneandthat-clause.)系动词之后说明动作的对象或承受者(n,pron,todo,doingandthat-clause.)在及物动词或介词之后宾语补足语(objectcomplement):定语(attribute):状语(adverbial):限定或修饰名词或代词。adj.,adverbsforplaces,pron,n.,prepositionalphrases,todo,doing,doneandthat-clauses.名词前或后修饰动词、形容词
4、、副词或整个句子。adv.,prepositionalphrases,todo,doingdoneandthat-clauses.具体情况而定位置说明宾语的性质、状态、特征或宾语发出的动作。宾语之后(adj.,n,adverbsforplaces,todo,doinganddone)同位语:补充说明前面的某个名词或代词。(n.orthat-clauses)e.g.Myfather,adoctor,isverykind.Practice:Analyzethefollowingsentences.Thefarmersdon’tstaylong
5、inthesameplaces.Wearehavingawonderfultime.It’sdangeroustoswimintheriver.Iwatchedalltheglassesthatwereonthetablefalloffontothefloor.I’mgoingtomovetoanothercitynextmonth.Thankyouforwritingtome.Theyallstudyhard.Pleasekeepyourbodyheathy.句子成分可以由单词,短语或从句充当!主语(n./pron.)单词短语名词形容词
6、介词不定式动名词分词从句Thenewsistrue./Heisaboy.Thewomandoctoriskind.Tohelpothersisvaluable.Writingarticlesisnoteasy.Whetherhewillgothereisunknown.Thathewillgothereistrue.表语(adj./n./ad.)单词短语名词形容词介词不定式动名词分词从句Heisastudent./Heishappy.Sheisawomandoctor.Sheisfullofjoy.Heisintheroom.Hiswis
7、histohelpothers.Myjobiswritingarticles.Thestoryisinteresting./Iaminterestedinthestory.Thefactisthathewillgothere.Thequestioniswhetherhewillgothere.宾语(n./pron.)单词短语名词形容词介词不定式动名词分词从句Iknowthenews.Ilikethewomandoctor.Iwanttohelpothers.Hepracticedwritingarticles.Iknowthathewil
8、lgothere.Doyouknowwhenhewillgothere.宾补(adj./n./ad.)单词短语名词形容词介词不定式动名词分词从句Iwillmakehimrich./Iwillg