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1、Chapter11Metal-CastingProcesses第11章金属铸造工艺11.1Introduction简介11.2SandCasting砂型铸造11.3Shell-moldCasting壳型铸造11.4Expendable-PatternCasting(LostFoam)一次模铸造（消失泡沫）11.5Plaster-MoldCasting石膏型铸造11.6Ceramic-MoldCasting陶瓷型铸造11.7InvestmentCasting熔模铸造11.8VacuumCasting真空铸造11.9Permanent-MoldCasting永久型铸造11.10

2、SlushCasting凝壳铸造11.11PressureCasting压力铸造11.12DieCasting压模铸造11.13CentrifugalCasting离心铸造11.14SqueezeCastingandSemisolid-MetalCasting积压铸造和半固态金属成型11.15CastingTechniquesforSingle-Crystalcomponents单晶零件的铸造技术11.16RapidSolidification(AmorphousAlloys)快速凝固（非晶和金）11.17InspectionofCastings铸件检验11.18Melti

3、ngPracticeandFurnaces熔化操作和熔炉11.19FoundriesandFoundryAutomation铸造厂与铸造自动化11.1INTRODUCTIONThefirstcastingsweremadeduringtheperiod4000-3000B.C.,usingstoneandmetalmoldsforcastingcopper.Variouscastingprocesseshavebeendevelopedoveralongperiodoftime,eachwithitsowncharacteristicsandapplication,tome

4、etspecificengineeringandservicerequirements.Carburetor:化油器,engineblock:气缸体,plumbingfixture:卫生洁具,gunbarrel:枪筒，炮筒,fryingpan:煎锅,hydraulicturbine:液力涡轮Twotrendsarecurrentlyhavingamajorimpactonthecastingindustry.Thefirstiscontinuingmechanizationandautomationofthecastingprocess;thesecondistheincr

5、easingdemandforhigh-qualitycastingswithclosedimensionaltolerancesandnodefectsdimensionaltolerance:容许尺寸公差TABLE11.1SummaryofCastingprocesses,TheiradvantagesandLimitationProcessAdvantagesLimitationsSandAlmostanymetalcast;nolimittosize,shapeorweight;lowcoolingcost.Somefinishingrequired;somewha

6、tcoarsefinish;widetolerances.ShellmoldGooddimensionalaccuracyandsurfacefinish;highproductionratePartsizelimited;expensivepatternsandequipmentrequired.ExpendablepatternMostmetalscastwithnolimittosize;complexshapes.Patternshavelowstrengthandcanbecostlyforlowquantities.PlastermoldIntricatesha

7、pes,gooddimensionalaccuracyandfinish;lowporosity.Limitedtononferrousmetals;limitedsizeandvolumeofproduction;moldmakingtimerelativelylong.CeramicmoldIntricateshapes;closetoleranceparts;goodsurfacefinish.Limitedsize.InvestmentIntricateshapes;excellentsurfacefini