资源描述:
《高三英语语法复习之情态动词的用法》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、情态动词一modelverbs一.常用情态动词(括号内为过去式):can(could)能,能够,可能,有时候会;shall(should)将会,将要,要不要,必须,必定;must(must)必须,一定,必定;oughtto=should应该;usedto过去经常;dare(dared)敢;may(might)可能,可以;will(would)将耍,愿意;need(need)需要;beableto能,能够;hadbetter最好是•注意:1)否定式直接在后面加not,但beableto的否定式是benotableto,usedto的否定式是usednotto/didn5tuseto,oug
2、htto的否定式是oughtnotto。2)dare>need也做实义动词,后跟todo,此时有第三人称单数式darcs/doesrftdare、needs/doesn^dare,过去式dared/didrftdare、needed/didn^tneedo3)beabletodo可用于其他情态动词(除hadbetter,dare)之后,此时否定式加在beableto前面,如:willnotbeableto4)beableto表示有能力并且做了,而can表示有能力但不一定做。5)现在时间状态下,用情态动词的过去式比用现在式语气更委婉、更客气。6)现在时间状态下,表推测时过去式比现在式语气弱
3、。二.功能与特征:功能:1)表示说话人的语气或情绪2)表示推测特征:1)情态动词有一定的含义(而另外三个助动词(have/be/do)没有意义)2)不能单独作谓语动词,必须和动词原形一起才能构成谓语3)有过去式,无人称和数的变化三•表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法:1)表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto能用于各种时态,女Hwillbeabletodo;is/areabletodo,was/wereabletodo,wouldbeabletodo等,其屮was/wereableto表示"设法做成某事”,相当于managedtodosth./succeededin
4、doingslh.ocan用于现在时态,could用于过去时态,翻译为“能”,还可表示“有时候会”。Mostlymyfatherisserious,butsometimeshecanbefunnytoo.大部分时候我爸爸都是很严肃的,但有时候他也会很有趣。1.Acomputerthinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.canlB.couldn'tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonegetout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabl
5、eto3.Theywillrunthismachineontheirowninthreemonths・A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinemaseat2、000people.A.canB・shouldC.oughttoD.isableto2)表示许可:may/might,can/could*might,could比较委婉,一般多用于疑问句.*can,may表达的语言比较随便.*在以could,might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时,冋答应分别使用can,may.5・一CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcours
6、eyou・A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you・A.mayB.mustC.mightD・can四.表示否定的情态动词的用法:mustn't不准,禁止;needn't没必要(=don,thaveto),can't不能;不可能;maynot不可以;可能不;shouldn't不应该(=oughtnotto)7.Youreturnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike・A.can,tB.mustn'tC・needrftD.maynot&Johnny,youpl
7、aywiththeknife,youhurtyourself.A.won't;carftB・mustn^t;mayC・shouldn't;mustD.can't;shouldn't9.・-Willyoustayforlunch?・-Sorry,.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn'tB.Ican%C.Ineedn'tD.Iwon410.—MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?一.A.N