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1、2019年1月农业机械学报第50卷第1期doi:10.6041/j.issn.1000鄄1298.2019.01.007小麦精量播种机排种高精度检测系统设计与试验陈建国摇李彦明摇覃程锦摇刘成良(上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240)摘要:为实现小麦精量播种机播种量的精准检测,基于电容传感器设计了一套高精度小麦种子粒数检测系统。研究了小麦种子以单粒形式下落和多粒同时下落两种方式下的电容与小麦种子数目之间的关系。对于小麦种子以单粒形式下落,提出用差分动态阈值法检测小麦种子数目,试验表明检测的最大相对误差
2、为1郾54%;对于多粒小麦种子同时下落,排种轮转速从20r/min到55r/min,每增加5r/min,分别建立小麦种子数目与电容积分值之间的最小二乘回归模型。试验结果表明,根据实际转速和速度最近原则选择相应的回归模型,该系统对不同的排种转速均具有较高的检测精度,相对误差介于-2郾16%~2郾23%之间。对于小麦精量播种机不同的排种模式或不同的排种速度,所设计的排种检测系统均有较高的检测精度。关键词:小麦播种机;播种量;电容传感器;差分动态阈值法;最小二乘法中图分类号:S126;S223郾2文献标识码:A文章编
3、号:1000鄄1298(2019)01鄄0066鄄09DesignandExperimentofPrecisionDetectingSystemforWheat鄄planterSeedingQuantityCHENJianguo摇LIYanming摇QINChengjin摇LIUChengliang(SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,Shanghai200240,China)Abstract:Theprecisiondetectio
4、nofwheat鄄planterseedingquantityisthekeyoftheautomationcontrolandthefoundationofrealizingpreciseseeding.Currently,existingseedingdetectionmethodsmainlyincludephotoelectric鄄basedmethods,image鄄basedmethodsandcapacitance鄄basedmethods.Forthephotoelectric鄄basedmet
5、hod,thedetectionaccuracyofphotoelectricsensorisaffectedbythevibration,light,temperatureandotherfactorsonthefarmland.Fortheimage鄄basedmethod,itshighprecisiondetectionprovidesanewwaytoimprovetheperformanceofwheat鄄planterseeding.However,imageprocessingtechnolog
6、yrequiresspecialequipmentwithhighcost,andcamerasareeasytobeinterferedbyexternallight.Consequently,itisdifficulttobewidelyappliedinthecomplexenvironmentonthefarmland.Comparedwithphotoelectric鄄basedandimage鄄basedmethods,thecapacitance鄄basedmethodislessaffected
7、bylightanddustandthushasastrongenvironmentaladaptability.Aimedattheproblemofprecisiondetectionofwheat鄄planterseedingquantity,aprecisedetectingsystemforwheat鄄planterseedingquantitywasdevelopedbasedonthecapacitancesensor.Thecorrespondingparallelplatesweredesig
8、nedtoimprovethedetectingaccuracyofthecapacitancesensor.Then,therelationshipbetweencapacitancevalueandthequantityofwheatseedsundertwomodesofsingle鄄seedfallingandseveral鄄seedfallingwasinvestigated
