MMIC-in-Radio-Astronomy-From-Devices-to-System.pdf

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1、MMICinRadioAstronomy:FromDevicestoSystemChauChingCHIONG(章朝盛)InstituteofAstronomyandAstrophysics,AcademiaSinica(ASIAA)Outline•WhatisRadioAstronomy?•RequirementsofRadioAstronomicalReceiver•WhyMMIC?•ChipstoSystem:ALMABand-1Project•ConclusionsElectromagneticSpectrumC

2、OopticalX-rayUniverseinRadio•CosmicMicrowaveBackgroundradiation(CMB)•Dustemission,molecular/atomicemission/absorptionlines.•Non-thermalemissionWMAPandCMBanisotropyetc.(2.725±0.0002K)ThereareManyThingsBesidesStars....•Interstellermedium(ISM)GasandDust:•HIIregion•D

3、iffusedclouds•Darkclouds,molecularclouds.......DustExtinctionatDifferentWavelengthRequirementsofRadioAstronomicalReceiver•Atmospherictransmissionwindows.•Operatingatcryogenictemperature(~0.1-15K)forlowthermalnoise.•DualpolarizationOrthoModeRadioAstronomicalRecei

4、versFrequency>100GHztoTHz:Frequency<~100GHz:OMTOMTLOLOSIS,HEBmixerRFLNALOLOIFLNAmixerIFLNAToback-end(correlatoretc.)Toback-end(correlatoretc.)SMA(Sub-MillimeterArray)AMiBA(ArrayofMicrowaveBackgroundAnisotropic)FromDevicestoSystem…•Commercialcomponent/self-designe

5、dMMICChipPhotoofSub-harmonicmixerusedinAMiBA.(Hwangetal.2004)•Packaging,waveguide/coaxialconnection,quasi-opticslayout,cryogenicstages…HousingofLNAAMiBAFrontEnd20KAMiBARx.NoiseTemperatureIFByJohnsonHanNextGenerationReceivers•LargeArray•FocalPlaneArrayMAMBOatMPI

6、fR•PhasedArray•Multi-frequencyReceiverFromUCBerkeley•NorthernChile,above5000m•StillusinghybridICapproachforover150ALMAcopiesofreceivers,notMMIC(AtacamaLarge•10bands(30to950GHz)MillimeterArray)•66antennae•Inphase0operationSKA(SquaredKilometerArray)•Lowfreq.(<25GHz

7、)•Thousandsofantennae•Cheap,modulized,uncooledCMOSRx.•Finishedin2020-30.ReasonsforMMICApproach•EasyintegrationHybridICMMIC•HighreliabilityDesignTimeFastSlow•MassproductionNoiseLowHigh(>200pcs.)Assembling&HardEasy•Lowcost(?)MassProduction•Butstillhighnoise.Circuit

8、DensityLargeSmallIntegrationHardEasyExpertsNoYesALMABand1Front-endSystem15K•Opticsdesign+Feedhorn•OrthoModeTransducor(OMT)•CryogenicLowNoiseAmplifier(LNA)•Band